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Exercise Physiology Midterm > Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What is anaerobic threshold?

A

highest exercise intensity that you can sustain for a prolonged period without lactate substantially building up in your blood.

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2
Q

What is a borg scale?

A

way of measuring physical activity intensity level
(refer to table)

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3
Q

What is Carbon dioxide production (VCO2)?

A

A tool to calculate resting energy expenditure (REE) in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients

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4
Q

What is Oxygen consumption (VO2)?

A

measurement of the volume of oxygen that is used by your body to convert the energy from the food you eat into ATP

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5
Q

What is Metabolic equivalents (METs) and MET equivalency?

A

the amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest
equal to 3.5 ml O2/kg
MET = body weight x min

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6
Q

What is minute ventilation?

A

It is the measurement of the amount of air that enters the lungs per minute

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7
Q

What is O2 prescription?

A

supplemental oxygen?
(search if time)

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8
Q

What is O2 pulse?

A

the ratio of oxygen consumption to heart rate & expresses the volume of oxygen ejected from the ventricles

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9
Q

What is progressive multistage exercise tests?

A

examines the effects of increasing workloads on various
cardiopulmonary variables, without necessarily allowing a steady state to be achieved (VO2 Max)

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10
Q

What are progressive multistage exercise tests?

A

they examine the effects of increasing workloads on various
cardiopulmonary variables, without necessarily allowing a steady state to be achieved (VO2 Max)

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11
Q

What is a ramp test?

A

Ride as close as possible to the target power for as long as you can, until the point at which you can no longer sustain the effort

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12
Q

What are the ratings of perceived exertion (RPE)?

A

Borg scale- measuring physical activity intensity level

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13
Q

What is the six-minute walk test?

A

walk at your normal pace for six minutes, and its used to monitor your response to threatens for heart, lung and other health problems

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14
Q

What is a graded exercise test (GXT)?

A

most widely used assessment to examine the dynamic relationship between exercise and integrated physiological systems?

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15
Q

What is Submaximal and maximal performance testing?

A

used to predict aerobic capacity or to assess the ability
to perform a standardized exercise or task

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16
Q

What is an S-T segment depression on an ECG signify?

A

Indicates that a person has an underlying condition that affects the heart. The condition may be relatively benign or life threatening. Causes could be hypokalemia, cardiac
ischemia, and medications.

17
Q

What is Bruce’s treadmill protocol?

A

commonly used treadmill exercise stress test.

developed as a clinical test to evaluate pts with suspected coronary heart disease, though it can also be used to estimate cardiovascular fitness

18
Q

What is a steady-state test?

A

the condition of a system or physiological function that remains relatively constant.
ex: after a few minutes of submaximal exercise, the person reaches a state where the HR and O2 tend to remain constant.

19
Q

What are the ventilatory equivalent for CO2 and O2?

A

Ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (VE/VCO2)
Ventilatory equivalent for O2 (VE/VO2)

20
Q

What is the ventilatory threshold?

A

O2 uptake (VO2) immediately below the VO2 at which pulmonary ventilation (VE) increases disproportionately relative to VO2

21
Q

What is watts, work and workload?

A
  • Watts: unit of power
  • Work: activity involving mental effort done in order to achieve a result
  • Workload: the demands that disease imposes on the respiratory muscles
22
Q

How do you select the appropriate exercise protocol (ET VS. CPET) based on the reason for performing the test?

A

ET: treadmill or bicycle ergometer
CPET: Subtype of ET assessing cardiorespiratory function (CRF) with measurement of ventilatory gasses during exercise (now easier to conduct)

23
Q

What are the normal/abnormal HR & BP in adults?

A

*refer to table

24
Q

How to measure HR during exercise?

A

● Normally palpated with the carotid artery during exercise
● Utilize heart rate monitors
● Can be measured by EKG using a heart rate ruler.
300 / # large squares between R waves

25
Q

What is Maximum HR and how do you calculate it?

A

the greatest number of beats per minute your heart can possibly reach during all-out strenuous exercise.

Max HR = 220-age

26
Q

What is the ventilatory threshold?

A

O2 uptake (VO2) immediately below the VO2 at which pulmonary ventilation (VE) increases disproportionately relative to VO2

27
Q

What are two methods for measuring ventilation, oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production during exercise?

A

Slides say “the basic CPET responses, oxygen consumption, MV, and CO2 production are now easily obtainable from most symptoms for processing and interpretation.
● Oxygen consumption: METS=(Vo2)/3.5

28
Q

What are the indications for terminating a cardiopulmonary stress test (CPX or CPET)?

A

● If subject asks to stop
● Failure of the monitoring system
● Progressive angina
● 2 mm horizontal or downward of ST depression or elevation
● Sustained v tach, left or right BBB
● Any significant drop in systolic blood pressure (10mmHg) or rise greater than 250/120
●Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing
● Lightheadedness, confusion, pallor, cyanosis

29
Q

What is a normal physiologic changes that occur during exercise when workload is increased?

A

“It is assumed that a linear relationship exists between heart rate, oxygen uptake and workload with exercise”

30
Q

Can you classify exercise limitation as caused by the cardiovascular, ventilatory, gas exchange, or blood gas abnormalities or deconditioning?

A

Lung disease patients can also develop gas exchange impairments with exercise as demonstrated by an increased alveolar-to-arterial O2 pressure difference

31
Q

How to identify, a positive test for coronary heart disease based on S-T segment depression?

A

● ST segment depression is a positive test for coronary heart disease with maximal GXT. If the coronary blood vessels is restricted by 2/3rds, EKG ST segment depression may occur

32
Q

What is the importance of evaluating breathing kinetics during exercise?

A

The BORG scale is rated 0-10 going from not breathless to maximal and severe breathlessness.
If you are unable to correctly evaluate the patients breathing then you or them will create a score that is not accurate. Same for terminating a test or the lack of termination

33
Q

What are the contraindications for CEPT?

A

refer to table

Exercise Physiology Midterm (4 decks)

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