Cardiopulmonary Assessment Lab

Question 1

Define:

Orthopnea

Answer 1

Difficulty Breathing in Supine

Question 2

Define:

Tachypnea

Answer 2

Rapid/Shallow Breathing

Question 3

Define:

Dyspnea

Answer 3

Difficulty Breathing

Question 4

6 Components of “Inspection”

Answer 4

1. HEENT
2. Chest Shape
3. Breathing Pattern
4. Use of Accessory Muscles
5. Skin
6. Extremities

Question 5

Breathing Pattern: Typical with CHF, up down up down pause, deep breath, taper off

Answer 5

Cheyne-Stokes

Question 6

Chest Shape (2)

Answer 6

1. Symmetry
2. Rigidity

Question 7

Breathing Pattern: Periods of Delay/Suspended Breathing

Answer 7

Apnea

Question 8

Skin (4)

Answer 8

1. Color
2. Temp
3. Edema
4. Subcutaneous Emphysema

Question 9

5 Components of Palpations

Answer 9

1. Radial pulse
2. Skin
3. Tracheal position
4. Spinal curvature
5. Chest Expansion

Question 10

Extremities (5)

Answer 10

1. Symmetry
2. Nail Bed
3. Pulses
4. Digital Clubbing
5. Cyanosis

Question 11

Breathing Pattern: Difficulty Breathing in Supine

Answer 11

Orthopnea

Question 12

How much expansion is normal when assessing anterior/posterio chest expansion?

Answer 12

~2 cm gap between thumbs

Question 13

Location: R middle lobe and L lingular lobe

Answer 13

5th rib

Question 14

Breathing Pattern: Normal Breathing

Answer 14

Eupnea

Question 15

Breathing Pattern: Increased Tidal V with Active Breathing, Increased E

Answer 15

Hyperapnea

Question 16

Lobe:

2.5 cm above sternal border of 1st rib

Answer 16

R/L apex of the lung

Question 17

Location: R/L Lower Lobes

Answer 17

8th rib

Question 18

Use of Accessory Muscles (2)

Answer 18

1. Tripod Position
2. Shoulder raise with inspiration

Question 19

Lobe:

7th-8th rib anteriorly and posteriorly

Answer 19

R/L diaphragmatic border

Question 20

Define:

Cheyne-Stokes

Answer 20

Typical with CHF, up down up down pause, deep breath, taper off

Question 21

Lobe:

b/t 2nd-4th rib

Answer 21

R/L Upper Lobes

Question 22

Define:

Hyperapnea

Answer 22

Increased Tidal V with Active Breathing, Increased E

Question 23

Location: R/L Upper Lobes

Answer 23

b/t 2nd-4th rib

Question 24

Define:

Apnea

Answer 24

Periods of Delay/Suspended Breathing

Question 25

Breathing Pattern: Difficulty Breathing

Answer 25

Dyspnea

Question 26

Define:

Bradypnea

Answer 26

Slow Breathing

Question 27

Lobe:

8th rib

Answer 27

R/L Lower Lobes

Question 28

Define:

Eupnea

Answer 28

Normal Breathing

Question 29

HEENT (3)

Answer 29

1. Trachea position
2. Sores on ears
3. Eye response

Question 30

Location: R/L diaphragmatic border

Answer 30

7th-8th rib anteriorly and posteriorly

Question 31

Describe how the chest will expand with diaphragmatic vs. accessory mm breathing

Answer 31

D: Flare out/in

E: Move up/down

Question 32

Describe how to assess anterior and posterior chest expansion

Answer 32

Anterior: Place your hands in a “butterfly position” on the patient’s chest just under the xiphoid process and gently but firmly pull your thumbs together at the midsternal line

Posterior: Place your hands in a “butterfly position” on the patient’s lower back (around rib 10) and gently but firmly pull your thumbs together at the midvertebral line

Question 33

Breathing Pattern: Rapid/Shallow Breathing

Answer 33

Tachypnea

Question 34

Location: R/L apex of the lung

Answer 34

2.5 cm above sternal border of 1st rib

Question 35

Breathing Pattern: Slow Breathing

Answer 35

Bradypnea

Question 36

Describe what percussion should sound like over

1. Rib
2. Intercostal space
3. Atelectasis/Consolidated Alveoli
4. Air Trapping

Answer 36

1. Dull/flat
2. Resonant
3. Dull/flat
4. Hyperresonant/tympanic

Question 37

Lobe:

5th rib

Answer 37

R middle lobe and L lingular lobe