Cardioplegia Components Ch8 Manuel Flashcards
Potassium
Electromechanical arrest
Sodium
Prevents Edema (by making ECF slighlty hyperosmotic) and Intracellular calcium buildup
Calcium
Membrane stabilization and prevents intracellular calcium buildup
Bicarb
Increases pH (want slightly Alkaline 7.6-7.8)
Tromethamine (THAM)
Increases pH by combingin with H+ to form bicarb
Glucose
Increases osmolarity to prevent edema, also a substrate
Mannitol
Increases osmolarity to prevent edema
High K solution, what are the mmol/l of KCL?
commonly
100 mmol/l
Low K solution, what are the mmol/l of KCL?
commonly
30 mmol/l
High K solution, what are the mmol/l of THAM?
commonly
12 mmol/l
Low K solution, what are the mmol/l of THAM?
commonly
12 mmol/l
When Glutamate and aspartate are contained in a solution what is the purpose?
The amino acids comprising these substrate are intermediares in the Krebs Cycle and cause the ATP myocardial stores to be replenished
Oxygen Free Radicals are what?
are altered oxygen molecules, (oxygen molecules that have unpaired electrons added to their orbital shells) that are created in the cross clamped ischemic period and the early stages of reperfusion
Oxygen Free Radical Scavengers - what are they/examples?
they render Oxy Free Radicals harmless
they are in CPG solutions
ex - SOD -superoxide dismutase and MPG -N2-mercaptopropionyl glycine, catalase, allopurinol
The heart is arrested in what diastole or systole?
diastole
Antegrade Aortic CPG pressures is measured where?
Line pressure on the heart lung machine bc there is usually no pressure gauge in the Aorta
Antegrade Aortic CPG line pressures should be what range?
125-150 mmHG
