Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiomyopathy Disease States > Cardiomyopathy Disease States > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathy Disease States Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards
1
Q

What is the most common CMO?

A

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dilated Cardiomyopathy is also referred to as _____

A

Congestive CMO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a disease that diffusely affects the myocardium, resulting in enlargement and/or ventricular dysfunction?

A

Cardiomyopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three main categories of CMO?

A

Dilated CMO, Hypertrophic CMO (Obstructive & Non-Obstructive), and Restrictive/Infiltrative CMO.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dilated CMO is known for its _____ and ______ systolic and diastolic function.

A

“Multi-Chamber” enlargement and “Decreased” systolic and diastolic function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When evaluating 2-D echo of a patient with Dilated CMO what may be present due to the decreased flow pattern?

A

Spontaneous echo contrast

“Smoke”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the causes for Dilated CMO?

A 
(Numerous)
-Idiopathic
-Ischemic; CAD
-Infections/viral- AIDS, others
-Toxic; Alcohol, cocaine
        Chemo-Adriamycin, others
-Parasitic Diseases
-Pregnancy (peripartum)
-Hemochromatosis
-Ventricular noncompaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the clinical symptoms for Dilated CMO?

A
  • Heart failure (pulmonary or systemic congestion)
  • Low cardiac output/low BP
  • Valvular regurgitation
  • Arrythmias, afib
  • Embolic events
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2-D findings of DCM?

A
  • Dilated chambers, increased volumes/mass, spherical shaped
  • Normal to thinned wall thickness
  • Reduced global systolic & diastolic function
  • Reduced Co
  • LV smoke
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In M-Mode of DCM the increased EPSS is proportional to the _____

A

Reduced EF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

On DCM M-Mode what does a B-Bump indicate?

A

Increased LVEDP

Typically >15 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

With what CM is the double diamond pattern of MV on M-Mode associated with?

A

DCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some other causes of DCM?

A

Long-standing HTN heart disease

LV non-compaction (honey comb apex; spongy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(DCM) Aortic cusps that have a tapered appearance at closure vs. a crisp closure is due to what?

A

Reduced forward flow from poor systolic function; note reduced aortic root motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which CM is known for its hypertrophic, hyperdynamic, non-dilated left ventricle that is frequently, but not necessarily, associated with a left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO)?

A

HCMO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an inherited autosomal dominant disease of the myocardium?

A

HCMO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Does HCMO primarily affect diastolic or systolic function?

A

Diastolic Function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ASH and SAM are hallmark findings of what CM?

A

HOCM

19
Q

What is ASH?

A

asymmetric septal hypertrophy

20
Q

What is SAM?

A

Systolic Anterior Motion of the mitral valve apparatus seen during systole.

21
Q

With HOCM a LVOTO is created by ______

A

The small, hyperdynamic left ventricular cavity, ASH, and SAM.

22
Q

Which CM presents a high risk of sudden death during exercise?

A

HOCM

23
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of HCM?

A
  • Asymptomatic (HCM)
  • Dyspnea, PND, orthopnea
  • Angina
  • Arrythmias
  • Exercise Intolerance
  • Heart Failure
  • Syncope
24
Q

Myocardial fiber disarray is a hallmark finding for which CM?

A

HOCM

especially seen in IVS-speckling, ground glass reflection

25
Q

Aortic valve notching (partial mid-systolic closure) of the aortic valve due to a sudden decrease in cardiac output is a M-Mode finding associated with which CM?

A

HOCM

26
Q

A dagger shaped aortic flow profile is associated with which CM?

A

HOCM

27
Q

Which CM is more common in Asian populations?

A

Asymmetic Apical Hypertrophy

28
Q

Which CM has an “Ace of Spades” appearance of the LV at end diastole?

A

AAH

Asymmetric Apical Hypertrophy

29
Q

Which CM presents with massive hypertrophy which only affects the apex?

A

AAH
No LVOT obstruction
Check for apical aneurysm

30
Q

Which CMO involves the infiltration of the myocardium that results in stiff, rigid ventricular walls that impede diastolic fillinf?

A

Restrictive/Infiltrative

31
Q

Which is the least common of all the CMO disease states?

A

RCMO

32
Q

What are some 2-D findings associated with RCM?

A 
Nml-small LV size
Normal systolic function
Bi-atrial enlargement
Abnml texture; granular myocardium
Concentric LVH possible
33
Q

Which is the most common of the Restrictive/Infiltrative CMOs?

A

Amyloidosis

34
Q

What is associated with Classic Amyloidosis?

A 
Symmetric hypertrophied walls
Abn myocardial texture
Diffuse Valve thickening
Bi-Atrial enlargement 
Restrictive Doppler pattern
35
Q

RCM Doppler includes ____

A
  • Short early filling, little atrial contribution Big E, little A
  • Shortened Mdt
  • Shortened IVRT
  • E/A ratio >2.0
36
Q

Which RCM is marked by abnormal inflammatory masses (granulomas) that infiltrate various organs?

A

Sarcoidosis

37
Q

Which RCM is the most common iron overload disease that may result in multiple organ and tissue damage?

A

Hemochromatosis

38
Q

What is a rare form of CM, which includes a fatty infiltration of RV muscle?

A

Arrythmogenic RV Dysplasia

ARVD (ACM)

39
Q

ARVD

A 
50% familial 
RV failure can result
RVE, aneurysm,arrythmias
Dilated RVOT
RV wall motion abn's
TR
40
Q

Which CM is endemic to South & Central America?

A

Chagas’ Disease

41
Q

Which CM is associated with a bite from a trypanosoma cruzi parasite?

A

Chagas’

42
Q

What appearance does Chagas have on echo?

A

Apical aneurysm with a narrow neck

43
Q

What are some treatments for CM’s?

A 
Drug therapy of underlying cause
Surgical myectomy/myotomy (HOCM)
Bi-ventricular pacing
Alcohol septal ablation
Transplant
44
Q

What presents as an acute infection with acute onset of LV systolic dysfx?

A

Acute myocarditis

Cardiomyopathy Disease States (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions