Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiomyopathies > Cardiomyopathy > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathy Flashcards

1
Q

What cardiomyopathy- ventricles muscle layer is dilated

A

Dilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dilated is systolic or diastolic

A

Systolic- blood continues to fill but can not contract as efficiently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What cardiomyopathy- muscle of heart become thick and scared. Ventricles are smaller

A

Restrictive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Restrictive is systolic or diastolic

A

Diastolic- ventricles are smaller they can not expand or relax. they are unable to bring as much volume into the ventricle and output is decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What cardiomyopathy- abnormal protein myocytes that can not contract –> thickening of cells asymmetrically –> septum is hypertrophic

A

Hyertrophic - HOCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hyertrophic is systolic or diastolic

A

Diastolic- septum is hypertrophic and blocks blood from the left ventricle to the aorta and decreased CO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
What cardiomyopathy has this patho- dysfunciton in contractile ability of myoctes leading to 
decrease outflow
compensatory dilation of ventricles 
increase volume filling 
atria dilate 
decrease outflow and back up
A

Dilated cariomyopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
What cardiomyopathy has this patho- bad myoctes proteins that cause 
decrease contractiosn of the myocetes
compensatory hypertophy
smaller ventricles
decreased filling 
decreased outflow
A

Hyertrophic - HOCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is Hyertrophic - HOCM so dangerous- what is happening in the heart to make it dangerous?

A

two main problems

  1. walls are thick and cause a filling problem that leads to intermittent outflow obstruction
  2. this will lead to and increased HR that is dangerous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are causes of Dilated Cardiomyopathy

A
  1. genetics
  2. myocarditis- viral cox B virus * Most common
  3. Alcohol
  4. Prgnancy
  5. Idiopathic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hypertrophic- HOCM is caused by what?

A
  1. Genetics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Restrictive is caused by what?

A
  1. Radiation
  2. idiopathic
  3. Infiltrated
  4. Open heart surgery
  5. Diabetes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

symptoms of this cardiomyopathy- Congestive heart failure, chest pain, syncope, ascites

A

Dilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

symptoms of this cardiomyopathy- asymptomatic mainly, dyspnea, syncope, chest pain

A

Hypertrophic- HOCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms of this cardiomyopathy- Right sided heart failure> left. edema, ascites, increased JVP
Dyspnea and fatigue

A

Restrictive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the most common presenting symptom Hypertrophic- HOCM

A

Sudden death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What cardiomyopathy physical exam- increased JVP

S3, cardiomegaly, rales in lungs*

A

Dilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What cardiomyopathy physical exam- increased JVP

S4, kussmaul sign?

A

Restrictive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What cardiomyopathy physical exam- S4, systolic ejection murmur increased standing up
sustained PMI
pulse is bisferiens (double peak) in the carotid

A

Hypertrophic- HOCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CXR- cariomegaly and pulmonary congestion

A

Dilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

CXR- pulmonary congestion

*normal heart size

A

Restrictive

22
Q

CXR- normal

A

Hypertrophic- HOCM

23
Q

Echocardiogram- ventricular thickness
Biatrial enlargement
EF >55%

A

Restrictive

24
Q 
Caused by- inflirations of myocytes
amylodiosis
scarcoidosis 
hemachromatosis
radiation
A

Restrictive

25
Q

Echocardiogram- Increased septum ratio >1.3 : 1
left ventricular wall thickness
EF > 55%

A

Hypertrophic- HOCM

26
Q

Treatment for Dilated Cardiomyopathy

A 
Low sodium diet
diuretics - fluid overload
ACE-I 
BBlocker or CCB 
Digoxin 
Pacemaker 
Transplant
27
Q

Treatment for Restrictive

A 
Low sodium diet
diuretics 
ACE-I 
BBlocker or CCB 
pacemaker 
Transplant
28
Q

What other imagaing/tests besides ECHO is good to obtain with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

A
  1. Angiogram to rule out ischemia

2. Bx of heart muscle

29
Q

What other imagaing/tests besides ECHO is good to obtain with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

A
  1. Angiogram - can look like pericarditis
  2. BX = fibrosis and finlitration
  3. MRI- Gadoliniumhypernhancement
  4. cardica cath- high diastolic pressure mildly reduced left ventricle function
30
Q

Treatment for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

A 
Low sodium diet
Diuretics
ACE-I 
BBlockers or CCB
Pacemaker 
Transplant
31
Q

What other imagaing/tests besides ECHO is good to obtain with HOCM

A
  1. Cardic cath- small, hypercontrictile left ventricle dynamic outflow gradient and diastolic dysfunciton
32
Q

What other imaging/tests besides ECHO is good to obtain with HOCM

A
  1. Cardic cath- small, hypercontrictile left ventricle dynamic outflow gradient and diastolic dysfunciton
33
Q

What cardiomyopathy is caused by a infection process leading to inflammation of the myocardium

A

Myocarditits

34
Q 
Caused by 
virus * most common
Cardiotoxins- alcohol or toxin
hypersenitivity 
perdispoition
A

Myocarditits

35
Q

What cardiomyopathy - left ventricle apical ballooning from high catecholamine rush

A

Tasko-Tsubo

36
Q 
Caused by 
Post-meopausal women 
surgery
hypoglycemia
earthquake
emotional stress
A

Tasko-Tsubo

37
Q

What cardiomyopathy - occurs in the last month of pregnancy or the first 5 months post-partum

A

Peripartum cardiomyopathy - PPCM

38
Q

Caused by
etiology unknown but likely multifactorial
altered prolactin processing

A

Peripartum cardiomyopathy - PPCM

39
Q

What cardiomyopathy - caused by fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricle myocardium can cause sudden cardiac death in young athletes

A

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

ARVC

40
Q

Symptoms of this cardiomyopathy- Orthopena, paroxymal noctural dyspnea, cough, pedal edema, fatigue, signs of heart failure

A

Peripartum cariomyopathy - PPCM

41
Q

Symptoms of this cardiomyopathy- Mimics acute MI

angina, dyspnea, EKG changes, Elevated cardic enzymes

A

Tasko-Tsubo

42
Q

Caused by fibrous fat replacing myocardium leading to wall motion abnormalities
Right ventricle will dilated and thin causing an arrhythmia

A

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

ARVC

43
Q

Symptoms of this cardiomyopathy-
most common asymptomatic
palpitations, chest pain, *arrhythmia with frequent PVC’s dyspnea, syncope or sudden death

A

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

ARVC

44
Q

Symptoms of this cardiomyopathy-Heart failure, S3, tachycardia arrhythmia followed by days-weeks of a viral infection

A

Myocarditits

45
Q

What is the gold standard test for Myocarditits

A

Biopsy *

viral titers

46
Q

What cardiomyopathy- left ventral apical dyskinesia

cardiac cath- left ventricular ballooning

A

Task-Tsubo

47
Q

Treatment for Myocarditits

A

Treat like HF

  1. BBlocker
  2. ACE-I
  3. ARB
  4. Limit acitivty for 6 months
48
Q

what medication do you need to avoid in Myocarditits

it will increase mortality !

A

NSAIDS - thats why you need to be sure its not pericarditis your treating

49
Q

Treatment for Task-Tsubo

A

Rule out MI

  1. Asprin
  2. BBlockers
  3. ACE-I
50
Q

Treatment for Peripartum Cardiomyopathy- PPCM

A

Treat like HF

  1. BBlocker
  2. ACE- I
  3. diurectis
51
Q

Treatment for Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
ARVC

A

Treat like HF

  1. antiarrhythmic drugs
  2. ICD implatation
  3. Activity restriction

Cardiomyopathies (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions