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PANCE Subjects > Cardiology- myopathy, HTN, CAD > Flashcards

Cardiology- myopathy, HTN, CAD Flashcards

1
Q

orthostatic HoTN defined as

A

SBP drops >20 within 3m standing or head up on tilt table

or DBP drop >10

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2
Q

orthostatic HoTN defined as

A

SBP drops >20 within 3m standing or head up on tilt table

or DBP drop >10

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3
Q

Tx for orthostatic HoTN

A

remove an reversible (dehydration, meds)
stand up slow, increase fluids and salts
if that fails: fludrocortisone

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4
Q

Health adults should receive lipid panel at age____ and then every _____

A

Age 20 and q5yrs

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5
Q

HDL less than ____ is low

A

40

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6
Q

Major RF for CHD

A

cigarette smoking
HTN
men >45 women >55
Fhx premature (male>55 woman >65)

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7
Q

Framingham Risk Score Includes

A 
Age
TC
HDL
SBP
Smoking status
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8
Q

LDL goal if 0-1 major RF for HDL

would treat with meds at

A

190

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9
Q

LDL goal if 2+ RF

A
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10
Q

LDL goal if CAD or risk equiv >20%

A
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11
Q

Best pharm for decreasing LDL

A

statins

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12
Q

Best pharm for decreasing TG

A

Niacin
or
Fibrate

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13
Q

What pharm will actually raise TG?

A

Bile acid-binding resins

Choleystyramine (Questran)

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14
Q

Metabolic Syndrome includes

A

Elevated central adiposity/waist circumference
TG
HTN
hyperinsulemia

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15
Q

Lipid lowering medications in pregnancy

A

statins CONTRAINDICATED
Cat B: bile-acid binding
Cat C: fenofibrate, Gemfibrizol, ezetimbe

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16
Q

BP 142/86 is what stage

A

Stage 1

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17
Q

BP 158/104 is what stage

A

Stage 2

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18
Q

BP 122/80 is what stage

A

Pre-HTN

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19
Q

MCC secondary HTn

A

Renal Disease

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20
Q

Beta-blockers are bad for what type of patients

A

asthma, COPD, pulm dis, heart block

HTN 2 to cocaine or pheochromocytoma

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21
Q

CCB are good for

A

blacks, elderly, ~stroke

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22
Q

CCB are bad for

A

Heart failure, cardiac dysfx

23
Q

HTN and prostate problems, what HTN pharm

A

Alpha Blocker- Terazosin

24
Q

Health adults should receive lipid panel at age____ and then every _____

A

Age 20 and q5yrs

25
Q

HDL less than ____ is low

A

40

26
Q

Major RF for CHD

A

cigarette smoking
HTN
men >45 women >55
Fhx premature (male>55 woman >65)

27
Q

Framingham Risk Score Includes

A 
Age
TC
HDL
SBP
Smoking status
28
Q

LDL goal if 0-1 major RF for HDL

would treat with meds at

A

190

29
Q

LDL goal if 2+ RF

A
30
Q

LDL goal if CAD or risk equiv >20%

A
31
Q

Best pharm for decreasing LDL

A

statins

32
Q

Best pharm for decreasing TG

A

Niacin
or
Fibrate

33
Q

What pharm will actually raise TG?

A

Bile acid-binding resins

Choleystyramine (Questran)

34
Q

Metabolic Syndrome includes

A

Elevated central adiposity/waist circumference
TG
HTN
hyperinsulemia

35
Q

Lipid lowering medications in pregnancy

A

statins CONTRAINDICATED
Cat B: bile-acid binding
Cat C: fenofibrate, Gemfibrizol, ezetimbe

36
Q

BP 142/86 is what stage

A

Stage 1

37
Q

BP 158/104 is what stage

A

Stage 2

38
Q

BP 122/80 is what stage

A

Pre-HTN

39
Q

MCC secondary HTn

A

Renal Disease

40
Q

Beta-blockers are bad for what type of patients

A

asthma, COPD, pulm dis, heart block

HTN 2 to cocaine or pheochromocytoma

41
Q

CCB are good for

A

blacks, elderly, ~stroke

42
Q

CCB are bad for

A

Heart failure, cardiac dysfx

43
Q

Alpha blockers bad for

A

postural HoTN, urinary incontinence… elderly

44
Q

HTN and prostate problems, what HTN pharm

A

Alpha Blocker- Terazosin

45
Q

ACEI bad for

A

Bilat renal artery stenosis

Pregnancy

46
Q

54 y/o male with CP past 20 min not relieved with nitrates. EKG shows ST depression and variable t wave abnormalities. Cardiac makers are negative. Most likely dx (pending serial troponins)

A

Unstable Angina

47
Q

p wave should be upright in

A

II, III, aVF

48
Q

first cardiac market to rise

A

myoglobin

49
Q

troponin rises when

A

within 4-6hrs AMI

50
Q

tx torsades

A

magnesium

51
Q

tx PSVT medically

A

adenosine

52
Q

stable monomorphic vtach tx

A

amiodarone

53
Q

unstable vtach tx

A

synchronized cardioversion 100J

54
Q

tx vfib

A

defib
CPR
epi and vasopressin per ACLS class….
then maybe amio of lidocaine

PANCE Subjects (12 decks)

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