Cardiology Drugs Flashcards
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin, ASA
Class:
Dosage:
Analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory
160-325 mg (2-4 pediatric chewable tablet), chew or swallow
Adenosine
Class:
Dosage:
Antiarrhythmic, endogenous nucleoside
Initial: 6mg rapid IV bolus over 1-3 seconds
-follow immediately with 20ml normal saline flush
Repeat: If no response in 1-2 minutes may repeat 12mg rapid IV bolus
Amiodarone
Class:
Dosage:
Antiarrhythmic Agent
VF/Pulseless VT- 300mg IV push over 30-60 seconds,may repeat in 3-5 minutes with 150mg IV push
Wide-Complex Tachy, A-flutter, A-fib SVT w/cardioversion- 150mg IV over 10 minutes (mix in 50mL bag of D5W) may repeat every 10 minutes
Atropine Sulfate
Class:
Dosage:
Anticholinergic agent, antidote, antispasmodic agent, antiarrhythmic, antimuscarinic
Symptomatic bradycardia- IV/IO 0.5 mg every 5 minutes. Do NOT exceed a total dose of 3mg or 0.04mg/kg if symptoms profound.
Calcium Chloride
Class:
Dosage:
Electrolyte-
Hypocalcemia, calcium chloride blocker OD, hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia: 5-10 ml (0.5-1Gm) of 10% calcium chloride. May repeat in 10 minutes.
Pre-treatment for IV calcium channel blocker administration: 3ml of 10% calcium chloride. May be repeated once.
Diltiazem
Class:
Dosage:
Calcium channel blocker, calcium antagonist
Initial: 0.25 mg/kg IVP (usually 20mg) administer over 2 minutes.
If response is inadequate, repeat in 15 minutes: 0.35 mg/kg IVP administer over 2 minutes.
Maintenance infusion: 5.0 to 15mg/hr
Dopamine
Class:
Dosage:
Sympathomimetic
(Dosage range 2-20 mcg/kg/min)
Bradycardia: Start at 5mcg/kg/min
Shock: cardiogenic or septic (non-hypovolemic)
-BP<70 systolic: start drip at 5mcg/kg/min
-BP>70 systolic: start drip at 2.5mcg/kg/min
Epinephrine HCL
Class:
Dosage:
Sympathomimetic
Pulseless arrest: IV/IO- 1mg of 1:10,000 repeat every 3-5 minutes
Continuous infusion for hypotension or symptomatic bradycardia: 1mg added to 500mL of NS administered at 1mcg/min titrated to desired hemodynamic response (range 2-10mcg/min); not first-line therapy.
Lidocaine HCL
Class:
Dosage:
Antiarrhythmic, local anesthetic
Pulseless VF/VT: Initial bolus of 1.0-1.5mg/kg IV PUSH every 3-5 minutes to a total of 3mg/kg. An initial bolus of 1.5 mg/kg should be given for cardiac arrest situations.
Following the return of spontaneous rhythm, initiate a drip of 2-4mg/min.
Antidysrhythmic or rhythms with a pulse: 0.5-0.75mg/kg, up to 1.0-1.5mg/kg, IV PUSH additional bolus can be given as 0.5-0.75mg/kg every 5-10 minutes to a total dose of 3mg/kg.
Magnesium Sulfate
Class:
Dosage:
Electrolyte, tocolytic
(Torsades de pointes, drug of choice)
Torsades: 1-2Gm IV diluted in 50-100 ml NS or D5W administered over 1-2 minutes, followed by the same amount over 1 hour.
Morphine Sulfate HCL
Class:
Dosage:
Narcotic agonist
IV Dose: Administer 1-3 mg increments slow IV PUSH (over 5 minutes) until desired effect.
(CNS side effects can be reversed by naloxone)
Nitroglycerin
Class:
Dosage:
Vasodilator, organic nitrate, antianginal
SL for chest pain: 1/150gr (0.4mg) tablet or one full spray, may repeat x3.
SL for pulmonary edema: 1-2 of the 1/150 gr (0.4mg) tablet may be given SL every 5-10 minutes as long as systolic BP is greater 90-100 systolic.
Norepinephrine
Class:
Dosage:
Sympathomimetic, Alpha- and Beta- adrenergic agonist, inotropic cardiac stimulant, Vasopressor
Initial dose: 2-4 mcg/min
Maintenance dose: Adjust the rate for a low normal blood pressure (usually 80 to 100 mm Hg systolic). The average maintenance dose ranges from 1 to 12mcg/min (maximum dose 30 mcg/min).
Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%
Class:
Dosage:
Buffer
Cardiac arrest: First dose usually 1 mEq/kg (or as determined by blood gas analysis), with subsequent doses of 0.5 mEq/kg every 10 minutes in cardiac arrest after other standard treatment (defibrillation, CPR, intubation, ventilation and more that one trial of epinephrine) has been used.
Vasopressor
Class:
Dosage:
Pituitary (antidiuretic) hormone
For V-fib/pulseless v-tach: 40 U one time-may replace the FIRST or SECOND dose of epinephrine.
