Cardiology Buzzwords Flashcards
What condition is indicated by fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward?
Pericarditis
Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, often presenting with characteristic pain relief positions.
What does an irregularly irregular pulse indicate?
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Fibrillation is a common arrhythmia that can lead to various complications, including stroke.
What ECG finding is characterized by a saw tooth baseline and a heart rate of 150 bpm?
Atrial Flutter
Atrial Flutter is a type of supraventricular tachycardia with a distinctive ECG pattern.
What findings are associated with pulmonary oedema?
Alveolar bat’s wings, Kerley B lines, cardiomegaly, dilated prominent upper lobe vessels, pleural effusion
These findings are indicative of fluid accumulation in the lungs and can be seen on imaging.
What does raised JVP and hepatojugular reflux suggest?
Right-sided heart failure
Right-sided heart failure can lead to systemic venous congestion, observable as raised JVP.
What symptom is often described as a sense of impending doom?
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
This symptom is frequently reported by patients experiencing a heart attack.
What ECG characteristic is associated with pericarditis?
Saddle shaped ST elevation
This type of ST elevation is a classic sign of acute pericarditis.
What does broad complex tachycardia indicate?
Ventricular problem
Broad complex tachycardia can signify various ventricular arrhythmias or conditions.
What is indicated by a mid-diastolic murmur with a tapping, undisplaced apex?
Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Stenosis leads to characteristic heart sounds due to restricted blood flow across the mitral valve.
What is the ECG finding associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?
Broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave (delta wave)
This finding indicates the presence of an accessory pathway for conduction.
What does tall, tented T waves indicate?
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperkalaemia can lead to significant ECG changes, including wide QRS complexes.
What condition occurs when a patient develops pericarditis 4-6 weeks post myocardial infarction?
Dressler’s syndrome
Dressler’s syndrome is a form of post-MI pericarditis associated with an autoimmune response.
What is indicated by the symptom ‘blurred yellowing vision headache’?
Digoxin Toxicity
This symptom can arise due to elevated levels of digoxin, a medication used in heart conditions.
What are Janeway Lesions and Osler’s Nodes indicative of?
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
These findings are associated with infective endocarditis and reflect systemic embolic phenomena.
What type of heart murmur is described as continuous and machine-like?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
This murmur is characteristic of a persistent ductus arteriosus, which can lead to heart failure if untreated.
What is indicated by rib notching on chest X-ray?
Coarctation of the aorta
Rib notching occurs due to erosion from collateral circulation in cases of aortic coarctation.
What type of murmur is described as crescendo-decrescendo?
Aortic Stenosis
This murmur is typically heard in patients with aortic stenosis due to turbulent blood flow.
What does diminished or absent lower limb pulses indicate?
Coarctation of the aorta
This finding suggests reduced blood flow to the lower extremities due to aortic narrowing.
What does the acronym MRS ASS stand for in cardiology?
Mitral Regurgitation Systolic, Aortic Stenosis Systolic
This acronym helps remember the relationship between these two heart murmurs and their timing.
