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Cardiac Drugs > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin Name

A

Aspirin (Bayer)

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2
Q

Aspirin Class

A

Anticoagulant

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3
Q

Aspirin Mechanism of Action

A

Decreases formation of platelets

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4
Q

Aspirin Indications

A

Chest Pain

Suspected Myocardial Infarction

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5
Q

Aspirin Contraindications

A

Allergic

Patients under 12 years old

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6
Q

Aspirin Onset/Duration

A

15 min / 4 to 6 hours

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7
Q

Aspirin Side Effects

A

Nausea & Vomiting

Stomach Upset

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8
Q

Aspirin Routes

A

PO

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9
Q

Aspirin Adult Dose

A

324 mg by mouth

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10
Q

Aspirin Pediatric Dose

A

not recommended

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11
Q

Aspirin How Supplied

A

81mg pill

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12
Q

Aspirin Considerations

A

Excessive bleeding will occur with patients taking aspirin

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13
Q

Dopamine Name

A

Intropin

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14
Q

Dopamine Class

A

Sympathomimetic

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15
Q

Dopamine Mechanism of Action

A

Increases cardiac contractility causes peripheral vasoconstriction

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16
Q

Dopamine Indications

A

Hypotension
Bradycardia
Cardiogenic Shock

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17
Q

Dopamine Contraindications

A

Allerigc

Hypovolemic Shock

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18
Q

Dopamine Onset/Duration

A

Onset: One Minute
Duration: as long as infusion is taking place

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19
Q

Dopamine Side Effects

A

Ventricular Tachyarrythmias
Hypertension
Palpitations

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20
Q

Dopamine Routes

A

IV drip only

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21
Q

Dopamine Adult Dose

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min

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22
Q

Dopamine Pediatric Dose

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min

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23
Q

Dopamine How Supplied

A

200mg in 5 mL vial

400mg in 5 mL vial

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24
Q

Dopamine Considerations

A

1-3 mcg/kg/min dose: increases renal output
3-5 mcg/kg/min dose: increases beta effects
5-20 mcg/kg/min dose: increases alpha and beta effects

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25
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

Name

A

Epinephrine

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26
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 Class

A

Sympathomimetic

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27
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 Mechanism of Action

A

Stimulates alpha 1, beta 1, beta 2

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28
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 Indications

A

Cardiac arrest
Anaphylactic shock
Bradycardia

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29
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 Contraindications

A

Allergic

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30
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

Onset/Duration

A

Onset: Immediate

DurationL 10 minutes

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31
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

Side Effects

A

Palpitations
Anxiety
Nausea/Vomiting

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32
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

Adult Dose

A

Cardiac Arrest: 1mg IVP every 3-5 minutes
Anaphylaxis: 0.3-0.5mg IVP
Bradycardia: 2-10mcg/min

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33
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

Pediatric Dose

A

Cardiac Arrest: 0.01/kg(max 1mg) every 3-5 minutes
Anaphylaxis: 0.01mg/kg (max 0.5mg) every 3-5 minutes
Bradycardia: 2-10mcg/min

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34
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000

How Supplied

A

prefilled 1mh/10mL

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35
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 Routes

A

IV, IO, ET, IV Drip

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36
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000 Considerations

A

Pregnancy C Class

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37
Q

Furosemide Name

A

Lasix

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38
Q

Furosemide Class

A

Diuretic

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39
Q

Furosemide Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks re-absorption of sodium and potassium in the loop of Henle

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40
Q

Furosemide Indications

A

Congestive Heart Failure

Pulmonary edema

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41
Q

Furosemide Contraindications

A

Allergic

Dehydration

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42
Q

Furosemide Onset/Duration

A

Onset: 1-3 Hours
Duration: 24 hours

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43
Q

Furosemide Side Effects

A

Hypotension
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalance

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44
Q

Furosemide Routes

A

IV/IO

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45
Q

Furosemide Adult Dose

A

40-80mg YV (0.5-1mgmg/kg)

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46
Q

Furosemide Pediatric Dose

A

Not Recommended

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47
Q

Furosemide How Supplied

A

Prefilled 40mh/10mL

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48
Q

Furosemide Considerations:

A

Will cross placenta barrier and cause fetal harm

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49
Q

Morphine Sulfate Name

A

Roxinol

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50
Q

Morphine Sulfate Class

A

Opiate

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51
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks opiate receptors and causes vasodilation

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52
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Indications

A

Severe pain
Pulmonary edema
Chest pain

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53
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Contraindications

A

Allergy

Hypotension

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54
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Onset/Duration

A

Onset:1-3 minutes
Duration: 4 hours

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55
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Side Effects

A

Respiratory Depression

Hypotension

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56
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Routes

A

IV/IO, IM

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57
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Adult Dose

A

2.5mg (0.05mg/kg) IV/IO

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58
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Pediatric Dose

A

0.05mg/kg IV/IO

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59
Q

Morphine Sulfate

How Supplied

A

10mg in 1mL vial

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60
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Considerations

A

none

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61
Q

Morphine Sulfate

Considerations

A

none

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62
Q

Nitroglycerine Name

A

Nitroglycerin

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63
Q

Nitroglycerine Class

64
Q

Nitroglycerine Mechanism of Action

A

Causes vasodilation by altering intercelluar calcium levles

65
Q

Nitroglycerine Indications

A

Chest pain

Congestive heart failure

66
Q

Nitroglycerine Contraindications

A

Allergic
Hypotension
Right sided myocardial infarction

67
Q

Nitroglycerine Onset/Duration

A

Onset: immediate
Duration: 3 hours

68
Q

Nitroglycerine Side Effects

A

Hypotension
Tachycardia
headache

69
Q

Nitroglycerine Routes

A

Sublingual

70
Q

Nitroglycerine Adult Dose

71
Q

Nitroglycerine Pediatric Dose

A

Not recommended

72
Q

Nitroglycerine How Supplied

A

0.4 mg tablets

73
Q

Nitroglycerine Considerations

A

Reevaluate blood pressure routinely

74
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Name

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

75
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Class

A

Alkalinizing Agent

76
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Mechanism of Action

A

Combine with excessive acids to form a weaker acid increasing pH

77
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Indications

A

Dialysis patients during cardiac

arrest

78
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Contraindications

79
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Onset/Duration

A

Onset: Immediate
Duration: Varies

80
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Side Effects

81
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Routes

82
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Adult Dose

A

1 mEq/kg IV/IO

83
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Pediatric Dose

A

1 mEq/kg IVIO

84
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate How Supplied

A

Prefilled 100 mEq in 10 mL

85
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Considerations

A

Need lab values to

administer therapeutic dose

86
Q

Adenosine Name

A

Adenosine (Adenocard)

87
Q

Adenosine Class

A

Antiarrhythmic (Miscellaneous)

88
Q

Adenosine Mechanism of Action

A

Works by interrupting re-entry pathways through the AV node. Slowing AV conduction causing refractory period to prolong.

89
Q

Adenosine Indications

90
Q

Adenosine Contraindications

91
Q

Adenosine Onset/Duration

A

Onset:Immediate
Duration:About 8 Seconds

92
Q

Adenosine Side Effects

A 
Bradycardia
Asystole
Facial Flushing
Chest Pressure
Light
-
Headedness
93
Q

Adenosine Routes

94
Q

Adenosine Adult Dose

A

6 mg rapid IVP, if ineffective 12 mg rapid IVP

95
Q

Adenosine Pediatric Dose

A

0.1 mg/kg (Max 6 mg) rapid IVP, if ineffective 0.2 mg/kg (Max 12 mg)

96
Q

Adenosine How Supplied

A

6 mg in 1 mL ampules

97
Q

Adenosine Considerations

A

Elevate arm, rapid IVP in most central site followed by 20 cc flush
Caution with
patients who have Wolf Parkinsons White (WPW)

98
Q

Amiodarone Name

A

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

99
Q

Amiodarone Class

A

Antiarrhythmic

Potassium Channel Blocker

100
Q

Amiodarone Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks the potassium channels in doing so it delays the hearts ability to
repolarize. In doing this prolongs the QT interval on the EKG

101
Q

Amiodarone Indications

A

Ventricular Tachycardia with a Pulse
Ventricular Tachycardia without a
Pulse
Ventricular Fibrillation

102
Q

Amiodarone Contraindications

A

Allergic

AV Blocks

103
Q

Amiodarone Onset/Duration

A

Onset: immediate
Duration: Half life is 40 days

104
Q

Amiodarone Side Effects

A

Hypotension

Bradycardia

105
Q

Amiodarone Routes

106
Q

Amiodarone How Supplied

A

150 mg vials and 150 mg prefilled syringes in 3 mL

107
Q

Amiodarone Adult Dose

A

VT w/Pulse:150 mg IV Drip (D5W) given over 10 minutes
VT w/o Pulse:300 mg IVP after 10 min 150 mg IVP
V- Fib:300 mg IVP after 10 min 150 mg IVP

108
Q

Amiodarone Pediatric Dose

A

VT w/Pulse: 5 mg/kg IV Drip (D5W) over 20 min
VT w/o Pulse: 5 mg/kg IV
V-Fib: 5 mg/kg IV

109
Q

Amiodarone Considerations

A 
Get 12
-
Lead before
to determine V
-
Tach!
110
Q

Atropine Name

111
Q

Atropine Class

A

Anticholinergic

112
Q

Atropine Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks acetylcholine receptors in parasympathetic nervous system. This
lets sympathetic nervous system take over and increase the heart rate

113
Q

Atropine Indications

A

Bradycardia

Organophosphate Poison

114
Q

Atropine Contraindications

A

Allergic

High Degree Heart Blocks

115
Q

Atropine Onset/Duration

A

Onset: Immediate
Duration: 2 Hours

116
Q

Atropine Side Effects

A

Arrhythmias
Tachycardia
Anticholinergic Effects
Facial Flushing

117
Q

Atropine Routes

A

IV, IO, ET

118
Q

Atropine Adult Dose

A

Bradycardia: 0.5-1mg IVP

Organophosphate Poisoning: May require hundreds of mg to reverse

119
Q

Atropine Pediatric Dose

A

Bradycardia: 0.02mg/kg IV (max 0.5mg)

Organophosphate Poisoning: May require hundreds of mg to reverse

120
Q

Atropine How Supplied

A

1mg in 10mL

121
Q

Atropine Considerations

A

Tachycardia is not a contraindication in organophosphate poisioning

122
Q

Calcium Chloride Name

A

Calcium Chloride

123
Q

Calcium Chloride Class

A

Electrolyte

124
Q

Calcium Chloride Mechanism of Actions

A

Increases calcium levels in the bod

125
Q

Calcium Chloride Indications

A

Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose
Bradycardia Secondary to
Hyperkalemia
Diabetic/Dialysis Patients in Cardiac Arrest

126
Q

Calcium Chloride Contraindications

127
Q

Calcium Chloride Onset/Duration

A

Onset: Immediate
Duration: 15-30 minutes

128
Q

Calcium Chloride Side Effects

A

Hypotension
Bradycardia
Asystole

129
Q

Calcium Chloride Routes

130
Q

Calcium Chloride Adult Dose

A

1 gm IV/IO

131
Q

Calcium Chloride Pediatric Dose

A

5–7 mg/kg IV/IO

132
Q

Calcium Chloride How Supplied

A

100 mg in 10 mL

133
Q

Calcium Chloride Considerations

A

IV line should be flushed between calcium chloride and sodium
bicarbonate if given together.
Will cause tissue necrosis if extravasation occurs

134
Q

Lidocaine Name

A

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

135
Q

Lidocaine Class

A

Antiarrhythmic (Sodium Channel Blocker)

136
Q

Lidocaine Mechanism of Action

A

Suppresses ventricular activity and slows velocity of electrical impulses

137
Q

Lidocaine Indications

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

Ventricular Fibrillation

138
Q

Lidocaine Contraindications

A

Allergic

High Degree Block

139
Q

Lidocaine Onset/Duration

A

Onset:5 minutes
Duration: Varies

140
Q

Lidocaine Side Effects

A 
Widened QRS
Anxiety
Dizziness
Confusion
Nausea & Vomiting
141
Q

Lidocaine Routes

A

IV/IO, IV Infusion

142
Q

Lidocaine Adult Dose

A

V-Tach w/Pulse: 1.5mg/kg IV after 5 min 0.5-0.75 mg/kg
V-Tach w/o Pulse: 1.5mg/kg IV after 5 min 0.5-0.75 mg/kg
V-Fib: 1.5mg/kg IV after 5 min 0.5-0.75 mg/kg
Post Conversion Drip: 2-4mg/min

143
Q

Lidocaine Pediatric Dose

A

V-Tach W/Pulse: 1mg/kg IVP
V-Tach w/o Pulse: 1mg/kg IVP
V-Fib: 1mg/kg IVP
Post Conversion Drip: 20-50 mcg/kg/min

144
Q

Lidocaine How Supplied

A

100mg in 10mL

145
Q

Lidocaine Considerations

146
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Name

A

Magnesium Sulfate

147
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Class

A

Anticonvulsant/Antiarrhythmic (Miscellaneous Class)

148
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Mechanism of Action

A

CNS Depressant

149
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Indications

A

Eclamptic Seizures

Torsades de Pointes

150
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Contraindications

A

Allergic

High Degree Blocks

151
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Onset/Duration

A

Onset: 1 minute
Duration: Normal electrolyte found in the body

152
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Side Effects

A

Hypotension

Drowsiness

153
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Routes

154
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Adult Dose

A

Eclamptic Seizures:1-2g IVP

Torsades de Pointes: 2-4g IVP

155
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Pediatric Dose

A

Not Recommended

156
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

How Supplied

A

5g/2mL

2g/2mL

157
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

Considerations

Cardiac Drugs (1 decks)

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