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Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin Name

A

Aspirin (Bayer)

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2
Q

Aspirin Class

A

Anticoagulant

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3
Q

Aspirin Mechanism of Action

A

Decreases formation of platelets

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4
Q

Aspirin Indications

A

Chest Pain

Suspected Myocardial Infarction

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5
Q

Aspirin Contraindications

A

Allergic

Patients under 12 years old

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6
Q

Aspirin Onset/Duration

A

15 min / 4 to 6 hours

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7
Q

Aspirin Side Effects

A

Nausea & Vomiting

Stomach Upset

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8
Q

Aspirin Routes

A

PO

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9
Q

Aspirin Adult Dose

A

324 mg by mouth

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10
Q

Aspirin Pediatric Dose

A

not recommended

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11
Q

Aspirin How Supplied

A

81mg pill

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12
Q

Aspirin Considerations

A

Excessive bleeding will occur with patients taking aspirin

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13
Q

Dopamine Name

A

Intropin

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14
Q

Dopamine Class

A

Sympathomimetic

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15
Q

Dopamine Mechanism of Action

A

Increases cardiac contractility causes peripheral vasoconstriction

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16
Q

Dopamine Indications

A

Hypotension
Bradycardia
Cardiogenic Shock

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17
Q

Dopamine Contraindications

A

Allerigc

Hypovolemic Shock

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18
Q

Dopamine Onset/Duration

A

Onset: One Minute
Duration: as long as infusion is taking place

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19
Q

Dopamine Side Effects

A

Ventricular Tachyarrythmias
Hypertension
Palpitations

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20
Q

Dopamine Routes

A

IV drip only

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21
Q

Dopamine Adult Dose

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min

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22
Q

Dopamine Pediatric Dose

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min

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23
Q

Dopamine How Supplied

A

200mg in 5 mL vial

400mg in 5 mL vial

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24
Q

Dopamine Considerations

A

1-3 mcg/kg/min dose: increases renal output
3-5 mcg/kg/min dose: increases beta effects
5-20 mcg/kg/min dose: increases alpha and beta effects

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25
Epinephrine 1:10,000 | Name
Epinephrine
26
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Class
Sympathomimetic
27
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Mechanism of Action
Stimulates alpha 1, beta 1, beta 2
28
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Indications
Cardiac arrest Anaphylactic shock Bradycardia
29
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Contraindications
Allergic
30
Epinephrine 1:10,000 | Onset/Duration
Onset: Immediate | DurationL 10 minutes
31
Epinephrine 1:10,000 | Side Effects
Palpitations Anxiety Nausea/Vomiting
32
Epinephrine 1:10,000 | Adult Dose
Cardiac Arrest: 1mg IVP every 3-5 minutes Anaphylaxis: 0.3-0.5mg IVP Bradycardia: 2-10mcg/min
33
Epinephrine 1:10,000 | Pediatric Dose
Cardiac Arrest: 0.01/kg(max 1mg) every 3-5 minutes Anaphylaxis: 0.01mg/kg (max 0.5mg) every 3-5 minutes Bradycardia: 2-10mcg/min
34
Epinephrine 1:10,000 | How Supplied
prefilled 1mh/10mL
35
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Routes
IV, IO, ET, IV Drip
36
Epinephrine 1:10,000 Considerations
Pregnancy C Class
37
Furosemide Name
Lasix
38
Furosemide Class
Diuretic
39
Furosemide Mechanism of Action
Blocks re-absorption of sodium and potassium in the loop of Henle
40
Furosemide Indications
Congestive Heart Failure | Pulmonary edema
41
Furosemide Contraindications
Allergic | Dehydration
42
Furosemide Onset/Duration
Onset: 1-3 Hours Duration: 24 hours
43
Furosemide Side Effects
Hypotension Dehydration Electrolyte imbalance
44
Furosemide Routes
IV/IO
45
Furosemide Adult Dose
40-80mg YV (0.5-1mgmg/kg)
46
Furosemide Pediatric Dose
Not Recommended
47
Furosemide How Supplied
Prefilled 40mh/10mL
48
Furosemide Considerations:
Will cross placenta barrier and cause fetal harm
49
Morphine Sulfate Name
Roxinol
50
Morphine Sulfate Class
Opiate
51
Morphine Sulfate | Mechanism of Action
Blocks opiate receptors and causes vasodilation
52
Morphine Sulfate | Indications
Severe pain Pulmonary edema Chest pain
53
Morphine Sulfate | Contraindications
Allergy | Hypotension
54
Morphine Sulfate | Onset/Duration
Onset:1-3 minutes Duration: 4 hours
55
Morphine Sulfate | Side Effects
Respiratory Depression | Hypotension
56
Morphine Sulfate | Routes
IV/IO, IM
57
Morphine Sulfate | Adult Dose
2.5mg (0.05mg/kg) IV/IO
58
Morphine Sulfate | Pediatric Dose
0.05mg/kg IV/IO
59
Morphine Sulfate | How Supplied
10mg in 1mL vial
60
Morphine Sulfate | Considerations
none
61
Morphine Sulfate | Considerations
none
62
Nitroglycerine Name
Nitroglycerin
63
Nitroglycerine Class
Nitrate
64
Nitroglycerine Mechanism of Action
Causes vasodilation by altering intercelluar calcium levles
65
Nitroglycerine Indications
Chest pain | Congestive heart failure
66
Nitroglycerine Contraindications
Allergic Hypotension Right sided myocardial infarction
67
Nitroglycerine Onset/Duration
Onset: immediate Duration: 3 hours
68
Nitroglycerine Side Effects
Hypotension Tachycardia headache
69
Nitroglycerine Routes
Sublingual
70
Nitroglycerine Adult Dose
0.4mg
71
Nitroglycerine Pediatric Dose
Not recommended
72
Nitroglycerine How Supplied
0.4 mg tablets
73
Nitroglycerine Considerations
Reevaluate blood pressure routinely
74
Sodium Bicarbonate Name
Sodium Bicarbonate
75
Sodium Bicarbonate Class
Alkalinizing Agent
76
Sodium Bicarbonate Mechanism of Action
Combine with excessive acids to form a weaker acid increasing pH
77
Sodium Bicarbonate Indications
Dialysis patients during cardiac | arrest
78
Sodium Bicarbonate Contraindications
Allergic
79
Sodium Bicarbonate Onset/Duration
Onset: Immediate Duration: Varies
80
Sodium Bicarbonate Side Effects
Alkalosis
81
Sodium Bicarbonate Routes
IV/IO
82
Sodium Bicarbonate Adult Dose
1 mEq/kg IV/IO
83
Sodium Bicarbonate Pediatric Dose
1 mEq/kg IVIO
84
Sodium Bicarbonate How Supplied
Prefilled 100 mEq in 10 mL
85
Sodium Bicarbonate Considerations
Need lab values to | administer therapeutic dose
86
Adenosine Name
Adenosine (Adenocard)
87
Adenosine Class
Antiarrhythmic (Miscellaneous)
88
Adenosine Mechanism of Action
Works by interrupting re-entry pathways through the AV node. Slowing AV conduction causing refractory period to prolong.
89
Adenosine Indications
SVT
90
Adenosine Contraindications
Allergic
91
Adenosine Onset/Duration
Onset:Immediate Duration:About 8 Seconds
92
Adenosine Side Effects
``` Bradycardia Asystole Facial Flushing Chest Pressure Light - Headedness ```
93
Adenosine Routes
IV, IO
94
Adenosine Adult Dose
6 mg rapid IVP, if ineffective 12 mg rapid IVP
95
Adenosine Pediatric Dose
0.1 mg/kg (Max 6 mg) rapid IVP, if ineffective 0.2 mg/kg (Max 12 mg)
96
Adenosine How Supplied
6 mg in 1 mL ampules
97
Adenosine Considerations
Elevate arm, rapid IVP in most central site followed by 20 cc flush Caution with patients who have Wolf Parkinsons White (WPW)
98
Amiodarone Name
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
99
Amiodarone Class
Antiarrhythmic | Potassium Channel Blocker
100
Amiodarone Mechanism of Action
Blocks the potassium channels in doing so it delays the hearts ability to repolarize. In doing this prolongs the QT interval on the EKG
101
Amiodarone Indications
Ventricular Tachycardia with a Pulse Ventricular Tachycardia without a Pulse Ventricular Fibrillation
102
Amiodarone Contraindications
Allergic | AV Blocks
103
Amiodarone Onset/Duration
Onset: immediate Duration: Half life is 40 days
104
Amiodarone Side Effects
Hypotension | Bradycardia
105
Amiodarone Routes
IV/IO
106
Amiodarone How Supplied
150 mg vials and 150 mg prefilled syringes in 3 mL
107
Amiodarone Adult Dose
VT w/Pulse:150 mg IV Drip (D5W) given over 10 minutes VT w/o Pulse:300 mg IVP after 10 min 150 mg IVP V- Fib:300 mg IVP after 10 min 150 mg IVP
108
Amiodarone Pediatric Dose
VT w/Pulse: 5 mg/kg IV Drip (D5W) over 20 min VT w/o Pulse: 5 mg/kg IV V-Fib: 5 mg/kg IV
109
Amiodarone Considerations
``` Get 12 - Lead before to determine V - Tach! ```
110
Atropine Name
Atropine
111
Atropine Class
Anticholinergic
112
Atropine Mechanism of Action
Blocks acetylcholine receptors in parasympathetic nervous system. This lets sympathetic nervous system take over and increase the heart rate
113
Atropine Indications
Bradycardia | Organophosphate Poison
114
Atropine Contraindications
Allergic | High Degree Heart Blocks
115
Atropine Onset/Duration
Onset: Immediate Duration: 2 Hours
116
Atropine Side Effects
Arrhythmias Tachycardia Anticholinergic Effects Facial Flushing
117
Atropine Routes
IV, IO, ET
118
Atropine Adult Dose
Bradycardia: 0.5-1mg IVP | Organophosphate Poisoning: May require hundreds of mg to reverse
119
Atropine Pediatric Dose
Bradycardia: 0.02mg/kg IV (max 0.5mg) | Organophosphate Poisoning: May require hundreds of mg to reverse
120
Atropine How Supplied
1mg in 10mL
121
Atropine Considerations
Tachycardia is not a contraindication in organophosphate poisioning
122
Calcium Chloride Name
Calcium Chloride
123
Calcium Chloride Class
Electrolyte
124
Calcium Chloride Mechanism of Actions
Increases calcium levels in the bod
125
Calcium Chloride Indications
Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose Bradycardia Secondary to Hyperkalemia Diabetic/Dialysis Patients in Cardiac Arrest
126
Calcium Chloride Contraindications
Allergic
127
Calcium Chloride Onset/Duration
Onset: Immediate Duration: 15-30 minutes
128
Calcium Chloride Side Effects
Hypotension Bradycardia Asystole
129
Calcium Chloride Routes
IV, IO
130
Calcium Chloride Adult Dose
1 gm IV/IO
131
Calcium Chloride Pediatric Dose
5–7 mg/kg IV/IO
132
Calcium Chloride How Supplied
100 mg in 10 mL
133
Calcium Chloride Considerations
IV line should be flushed between calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate if given together. Will cause tissue necrosis if extravasation occurs
134
Lidocaine Name
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
135
Lidocaine Class
Antiarrhythmic (Sodium Channel Blocker)
136
Lidocaine Mechanism of Action
Suppresses ventricular activity and slows velocity of electrical impulses
137
Lidocaine Indications
Ventricular Tachycardia | Ventricular Fibrillation
138
Lidocaine Contraindications
Allergic | High Degree Block
139
Lidocaine Onset/Duration
Onset:5 minutes Duration: Varies
140
Lidocaine Side Effects
``` Widened QRS Anxiety Dizziness Confusion Nausea & Vomiting ```
141
Lidocaine Routes
IV/IO, IV Infusion
142
Lidocaine Adult Dose
V-Tach w/Pulse: 1.5mg/kg IV after 5 min 0.5-0.75 mg/kg V-Tach w/o Pulse: 1.5mg/kg IV after 5 min 0.5-0.75 mg/kg V-Fib: 1.5mg/kg IV after 5 min 0.5-0.75 mg/kg Post Conversion Drip: 2-4mg/min
143
Lidocaine Pediatric Dose
V-Tach W/Pulse: 1mg/kg IVP V-Tach w/o Pulse: 1mg/kg IVP V-Fib: 1mg/kg IVP Post Conversion Drip: 20-50 mcg/kg/min
144
Lidocaine How Supplied
100mg in 10mL
145
Lidocaine Considerations
None
146
Magnesium Sulfate | Name
Magnesium Sulfate
147
Magnesium Sulfate | Class
Anticonvulsant/Antiarrhythmic (Miscellaneous Class)
148
Magnesium Sulfate | Mechanism of Action
CNS Depressant
149
Magnesium Sulfate | Indications
Eclamptic Seizures | Torsades de Pointes
150
Magnesium Sulfate | Contraindications
Allergic | High Degree Blocks
151
Magnesium Sulfate | Onset/Duration
Onset: 1 minute Duration: Normal electrolyte found in the body
152
Magnesium Sulfate | Side Effects
Hypotension | Drowsiness
153
Magnesium Sulfate | Routes
IV/IO, IM
154
Magnesium Sulfate | Adult Dose
Eclamptic Seizures:1-2g IVP | Torsades de Pointes: 2-4g IVP
155
Magnesium Sulfate | Pediatric Dose
Not Recommended
156
Magnesium Sulfate | How Supplied
5g/2mL | 2g/2mL
157
Magnesium Sulfate | Considerations
None

Cardiac Drugs (1 decks)

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