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EMT Cardiology > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

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1
Q

The septum divides ____

A

the left and right sides of the heart

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2
Q

Upper chamber of the heart

A

atrium

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3
Q

The ___ receives incoming blood

A

atrium

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4
Q

Lower chamber of the heart

A

ventricle

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5
Q

The ____ pumps outgoing blood

A

ventricle

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6
Q

The body’s main artery

A

aorta

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7
Q

The ___ receives blood ejected from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries so they can carry blood to the tissues of the body.

A

aorta

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8
Q

The _____ side of the heart receives DEOXYGENATED blood from the veins of the body

A

right side == deoxygenated

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9
Q

Normal electrical impulses begin in the _____

A

sinus node

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10
Q

The sinus node is located in the _____

A

upper part of the right atrium

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11
Q

Here, the signal is slowed for milliseconds to allow blood to pass from the atria to the ventricle.

A

AV node or atrioventricular node

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12
Q

Signals leave the AV node and spread throughout the ventricles via the _____, the right and left branches, and the Purkinje fibers

A

Bundle of His

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13
Q

____ allows a cardiac muscle cell to contract spontaneously, without a stimulus from a nerve source. Unique to cardiac cells.

A

automaticity

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14
Q

During times of SNS activation, metabolic rate, therefore cardiac output, therefore cardiac rate is _________

A

increased

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15
Q

Stroke volume is _____

A

the volume of blood ejected with each ventricular contraction

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16
Q

Widening or dilation of the coronary arteries _____ blood flow

A

increases

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17
Q

The _____ are the vessels that supply blood to the heart muscle

A

coronary arteries

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18
Q

The right and left _____ arteries supply the head and brain with blood

A

carotid arteries

19
Q

The right and left _____ arteries supply blood to the upper extremities

A

subclavian arteries

20
Q

As the subclavian arteries enter each arm, they become the _____ arteries

A

brachial

21
Q

The major vessels that supply blood to each arm

A

brachial arteries

22
Q

Just below the elbow, the brachial artery divides into two major branches: the _____ and ______ arteries

A

radial and ulnar

23
Q

At the umbilicus, the aorta divides into two branches known as the left and right ______ arteries

A

iliac

24
Q

The ______ arteries supply blood to the groin, pelvis, and legs

A

iliac

25
Q

As the _____ arteries enter the legs through the groin, they become the right and left _____ arteries

A

iliac …. femoral

26
Q

The _____ and _____ arteries, at the level of the knees, supply blood to lower legs and feet

A

tibial and peroneal

27
Q

Tibial and peroneal arteries turn into tinier ______ and eventually _____

A

arterials …. capillaries

28
Q

_____ allow the exchange of nutrients and waste at the cellular level

A

Capillaries

29
Q

As blood passes through the capillaries, it gives off ____ to the tissues and picks up _____

A

gives off 02, picks up C02 and waste products

30
Q

The smallest branches of veins

A

venules

31
Q

The ______ vena cava carries blood from head&arms back to right atrium.

A

superior vena cava

32
Q

The _____ vena cava carries blood from abdomen, kidneys and legs back to right atrium.

A

inferior vena cava

33
Q

The vena cavae join at the _______ where blood is returned to circulation for oxygenation.

A

right atria of heart

34
Q

____ is the fluid that cells float in

A

Plasma

35
Q

The force of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries is called _____

A

blood pressure

36
Q

Systole refers to ______

A

contraction

37
Q

Diastole refers to _____

A

relaxation

38
Q

The constant flow of oxygenated blood to the tissues is known as _____

A

perfusion

39
Q

Good perfusion requires 1) ____ 2) ____ 3) ____

A

1) Pump (proper rate)
2) Pipes (vessels and arteries)
3) Container (blood)

40
Q

Chest pain usually stems from _____

A

ischemia

41
Q

In atherosclerosis, the _____ or inner wall of the arteries narrows.

A

lumen

42
Q

A blood clot that is floating through blood vessels

A

thromboembolism

43
Q

_______ is a group of symptoms caused my myocardial ischemia.

A

acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

44
Q

temporary ischemia is known as ______

A

angina pectoris

EMT Cardiology (2 decks)

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