Cardiology Flashcards
Secondary prevention of MI
ASA B BLOCKER ACEI CLOPIDOGREL STATIN
ALDOSTERONE IF EF<40
CABG Indications
>50% left main
3 vessel CAD
2 vessel CAD involving LAD or CX
>70%
Multiple vessels in DMSIRS CRITERIA
Fever>100.4 OR Hypothermia <96.8
Hyperventilation
Tachycardia
Leukocytosis >12,000
MURMURS
AS - crescendo decrescendo, radiates to neck
MR - holosystolic, apex to axilla
TR - pansystolic, worse with inspiration
AR - diastolic, blowing decrescendo
MS - opening snap
MVP - mid systolic click
ASD - fixed split S2
Pericarditis treatment
NSAIDS
Cardiac tamponade
IV FLUIDS
PERICARDIOCENTESIS
AFib management
> 48 hours OR UNSTABLE? Amiodarone, b blocker, direct current cardioversiom
> 48 hours? 3 weeks anticoagulation with warfarin or dabigatran
Normal EF
50-70%
Systolic bs diastolic HF in EF
Systol < 40%
Diastol > 50%
CHF TX
1st line
Furosemide
ACEI
2nd line
B blocker - carvedilol
Sporonolactone
Acute: dobutamine and milrinone
PAD WORKUP
Assymptomatic - ABI
Claudicstion - US
Angiography for definitive dx
PAD TX
ASA, clopidogrel, statin
Acute arterial occlusion tx
Heparin, urgent revascularization
Distal extremity ischemia in young males
Buergers disease/thromboangiitis obliterans
Smoking
Aaa size
<3 cm none
3-4 annual ultrasound
4-5.4 ultrasound q 6 mo
>5.5 stent/repair
DVT Tx
Heparin then anticoagulate for 3-6 months with warfarin or dabigatran
Orthostasis
Systolic drop >20
Diastolic drop >10
Hypertensive urgency tx
BP 180/120
Lower BP by 25% in 24 hours with labetalol as outpatient
Hypertensive emergency tx
Lower BP by 25% in 1 hour with notroprusside
Malignant when papilloedema
Metabolic syndrome
Waist > 40 men >35 women
TG > 150
HDL < 40 men < 50 women
BP > 130/85
FASTING BG > 100
HLD guidelines
H/O ASCVD, stroke, TIA, or PAD
LDL >190
DM
High ACSVD risk score > 7.5%
