Cardiology

Question 1

Your patient tells you they have had the following symptoms occurring for several months now: feeling fatigued, warm all the time, having trouble sleeping, bounding heartbeats, diarrhea, weight loss and their eyes appear to be bulging out. They most likely are suffering from?  
  Addisons disease  
  Thyroid storm  
  Graves disease  
  Cushing's syndrome

Answer 1

Graves disease

Question 2

Deficiency of what substance is the cause of Wernicke's encephalopathy?  
  Sodium  
  Potassium  
  Calcium  
  Thiamine

Answer 2

Thiamine

Question 3

You arrive to find a woman who is complaining of general weakness. She has a fruity odor on her breath and states that she has been constantly thirsty. Her level of consciousness is deteriorating and you suspect some sort of diabetes-related issues. What would be the best course of treatment for this patient?
Check her blood sugar and administer 25 g of D50
Check her blood sugar and administer a fluid bolus
Administer a tube of oral glucose
Administer Naxolone

Answer 3

Check her blood sugar and administer a fluid bolus

Question 4

You have been called to a private residence for a 67-year-old male experiencing severe difficulty breathing. Initial room air oxygen saturation is 76%. Lung sounds are absent and the patient has pitting edema in his lower extremities. The patient has a history of CHF. What is the cause of his peripheral edema?
Decreased plasma osmotic pressure
Lymphatic obstruction
Increased capillary membrane permeability
Increased hydrostatic pressure

Answer 4

Increased hydrostatic pressure

Question 5

You have been dispatched for medical call at a local care facility. Your patient is an 82-year-old female who is "running a temperature." She has been ill for the last two week and seems to be getting worse, according to caregivers. The patient has no history of urinary tract infections but did have pneumonia about a month ago. She is incoherent and continuously mumbles throughout the call. Your partner obtains the following vitals: HR 110, BP 112/74, temp 101.9, SpO2 94%. Which phase of septic shock is this patient in?  
  Hyperdynamic phase  
  Hypodynamic phase  
  Hypothermic phase  
  Hyperthermic phase

Answer 5

Hyperdynamic phase

The hyperdynamic phase occurs as in the early stages of septic shock. The cardiovascular system is still attempting to compensate by increasing cardiac output but the blood vessels dilate. Heart rate and body temperature are typically elevated during this phase. The hyperdynamic phase was previously referred to a “warm shock.”

Question 6

Two hormones, insulin and glucagon, have a large role in glucose metabolism. Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans, located in the pancreas. What secretes glucagon and where is it located?

• Beta cells in the islet of Langerhans, located in the pancreas
• Alpha cells in the islet of Langerhans, located in the pancreas
• Hepatic portal system, located in the liver
• Gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland, located on the hypothalamus

Answer 6

Alpha cells in the islet of Langerhans, located in the pancreas

Question 7

Orthostatic hypotension occurs when?
A patient is moved from a supine position to an upright position
A patient loses 15% or more of their circulating blood volume
A patient becomes anemic
A patient is suffering from a UTI

Answer 7

A patient is moved from a supine position to an upright position