Cardiology

Question 0

MI secondary prevention drugs

Answer 0

Ace-i, Aspirin
Beta-blocker
Clopidogrel
Simvastatin
GTN

Question 1

In LBBB, when is the split HS?

Answer 1

On expiration

pulmonary valve closes before aortic valve

Question 2

Amlodipine SE

Answer 2

Ankle swelling

Question 3

Class of drug for chlortalidone

Answer 3

Thiazide diuretic

Question 4

Clopidogrel SE

Answer 4

Gastric irritation

Question 5

Hear failure drugs

Answer 5

1st line:
Ace-i
Beta-blocker
2nd-line:
Spironolactone
ARB
Hydralazine
Any above + nitrate

Diuretics- for fluid overload

Question 6

S3

Answer 6

Heard soon after 2nd found in early diastole

Question 7

S1

Answer 7

Atrioventricular

Question 8

S2

Answer 8

Semilunar

Question 9

Heart sound for hear failure

Answer 9

S3

Question 10

HS Ventricular stiffness

Answer 10

S4

Question 11

Retrosternal chest pain

Answer 11

Angina

Question 12

Intermittent claudication - common place

Answer 12

Calf/buttock

Question 13

What to encourage for intermittent claudication?

Answer 13

Exercise encourages collateral artery development

Question 14

What exacerbates intermittent claudication?

Answer 14

Beta-blockers (reduce blood flow to limb)

Compression stockings

Question 15

Mx critical limb iscahemia

Answer 15

Limb amputation (avoid spread of gangrene)

Question 16

Recurrent PE Mx

Answer 16

IVC filter

Question 17

Causes of AF

Answer 17

Thyrotoxocosis

Pneumonia

Question 18

AF leads to

Answer 18

Heart failure

Stroke

Question 19

Which drug reduces mortality for MI? ( ace-i or diuretics?)

Answer 19

Ace-i (reduces mortality)

Diuretics (symptomatic relief but x decrease mortality)

Question 20

Normal axis for ECG

Answer 20

-30 to 90

Question 21

Cause for prolonged QT interval

Answer 21

Hypocalcaemia

Question 22

Essential HTN more common than 2ndary HTN in which population?

Answer 22

Young ppl

Question 23

Hyperaldosteronism causing 2ndary HTN

Answer 23

Conn’s syndrome

Question 24

AAA

Answer 24

Males
5.5cm threshold for repair
Endovascular repair (optional)

Question 25

If high suspicion of rupture for AAA, what should you do?

Answer 25

Urgent laparotomy

Question 26

Complication of AAA

Answer 26

Trash foot (embolization of aneurysm can occlude small vessels of the feet, leading to areas of necrosis)

Question 27

Arterial ulcer risk factor

Answer 27

Smoking

Question 28

How to completely heal arterial ulcer?

Answer 28

Tissue reperfusion

Question 29

AF Mx for >65Y

Answer 29

Bisoprolol/atenolol/satolol

Diltiazem if beta-blocker x work