Cardiology Flashcards
What should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding?
ACE inhibitors
ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnant and breastfeeding women due to potential harm to the fetus and infant.
What condition may result in renal impairment when taking ACE inhibitors?
Renovascular disease
Patients with renovascular disease are at risk for renal impairment when using ACE inhibitors.
What risk is associated with aortic stenosis when using ACE inhibitors?
Hypotension
Aortic stenosis can lead to significant drops in blood pressure when ACE inhibitors are administered.
In which hereditary condition is caution advised when prescribing ACE inhibitors?
Idiopathic angioedema
Patients with a hereditary history of idiopathic angioedema may experience exacerbated symptoms.
What potassium level should prompt specialist advice before starting ACE inhibitors?
> = 5.0 mmol/L
Elevated potassium levels require careful consideration and specialist consultation before initiating treatment.
What is a significant interaction with high-dose diuretic therapy?
Increased risk of hypotension
Patients on more than 80 mg of furosemide daily are at a higher risk of experiencing hypotension.
What should be monitored before and after starting ACE inhibitors?
Urea and electrolytes
Regular monitoring of urea and electrolyte levels is essential to ensure patient safety during ACE inhibitor therapy.
What changes in creatinine and potassium levels may be expected after starting ACE inhibitors?
Increase in creatinine and potassium
Patients may show a rise in serum creatinine up to 30% from baseline and potassium levels up to 5.5 mmol/L.
What condition can lead to significant renal impairment in patients taking ACE inhibitors?
Undiagnosed bilateral renal artery stenosis
Patients with this condition may experience severe renal impairment when ACE inhibitors are administered.
