Cardiology

Question 1

Murmur of AR

Answer 1

Early diastolic
Heard best LLSE
Sitting forwards in expiration

Question 2

Other murmurs in AR

Answer 2

Austin Flynt

Question 3

Clinical features of AR

Answer 3

Slow rising pulse
De Musset’s
Quincke’s

Question 4

Apex in AR?

Answer 4

Laterally displaced, heaving

Question 5

Apex in AS?

Answer 5

Normal

Question 6

Radiation of AS murmur?

Answer 6

Carotids

Question 7

Name when AS heard throughout precordum?

Answer 7

Galvardian’s phenomenon

Question 8

Clinical features in keeping with severe AS?

Answer 8

Loss of S2 - severe
Slow rising pulse, low volume - at least moderate
Ventricular heave? Displaced beat?

Question 9

Absnormailty usually dominant in mixed AVD?

Answer 9

AS

Question 10

AS causes

Answer 10

Calcification
Congenital bicuspid
Rheumatic HD
Fabry’s
SLE
Paget’s

Question 11

AR causes

Answer 11

Rheumatic HD
CTD - Marfans/ED
HTN
Myxoma
Ank Spon
SLE
Trauma
IE
Dissection

Question 12

TR

Answer 12

CV waves JVP
LLSE
Systolic
Loudest in held inspiration

Question 13

Tetralogy peptad

Answer 13

Overriding aoorta
Pulmonary stenosis
RVH
VSD

Question 14

Congenital pulmonary valve disease causes

Answer 14

Rubella
Downs
Noonans
Turners
Tetralogy

Question 15

Cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease

Question 16

Indicator

Question 17

Differentials for MR

Answer 17

MVP
TR
VSD

Question 18

Signs of severe MR

Answer 18

Evidence of pHTN:
Raised JVP
RV heave
Loud P2
Gallop rhythm
Displaced and thrusting apex

Question 19

Describe a third heart sound

Question 20

Cardiac complications of Marfans

Answer 20

Aortic valve prolapse/regurgitation
Aortid dilatation/dissection
Mitral valve prolapse