Cardiology Flashcards
1
Q
Which murmurs become louder with valsalva?
A
HOCM
MVP
2
Q
Which murmurs become louder with sitting forward (at Erbs point)?
A
Aortic regurgitation
3
Q
Differentials for early diastolic murmur?
A
AR: RUSE, increases with sitting forward + deep expiration
PR: LUSE
4
Q
Differentials for mid diastolic murmur?
A
MS: increases with lying in left lateral
TS
5
Q
Differentials for a continuous murmur?
A
PDA: heard best at LUSE, radiates to supraclavicular region
AV fistula
Venous hum
Aorto-pulmonary connection
MAPCAs and BT shunt (cyanotic)
6
Q
Differentials for ejection systolic murmur?
A
AS
PS (can be cyanotic if critical)
HOCM
Pulmonary flow murmur
7
Q
Causes of LVH on ECG?
A
- VSD
- PDA
- AS
- MR
- Anything that causes LV overload
8
Q
Causes of RVH on ECG?
A
- ASD
- PS
- TR
- anything that causes RV overload
9
Q
Which heart defects can cause heart block?
A
- AVSD
- L-TGA (corrected)
- Polysplenia syndromes
10
Q
Cardiac surgeries done via median sternotomy
A
- Any open heart surgery
- TOF repair
- Norwood
- Fontan
- Arterial switch
11
Q
A
