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mrcp part 1 > cardio1 > Flashcards

cardio1 Flashcards

1
Q

Streptococcus bovis endocarditis is associated with

A

colorectal cancer

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2
Q

Aortic dissection type A - ascending aorta - mgt

A

control BP(IV labetalol) + surgery

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3
Q

Young man with AF, no TIA or risk factors,

A

no treatment is now preferred to aspirin

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4
Q

Ventricular tachycardia - ?is contraindicated

A

verapamil

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5
Q

Turner’s syndrome - most common cardiac defect is

A

bicuspid aortic valve

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6
Q

Tachycardia with a rate of 150/min ?

A

atrial flutter

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7
Q

Sudden death, unusual collapse in young person - ?

A

HOCM

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8
Q

Second heart sound (S2)reversed split:

A

LBBB

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9
Q

Second heart sound (S2)fixed split:

A

ASD

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10
Q

soft: s2

A

AS

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11
Q

first-line for pregnancy-induced hypertension

:

A

Labetalol

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12
Q

Second heart sound (S2)

loud

A

hypertension

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13
Q

Prosthetic heart valves younger patients

A

mechanical valves last longer

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14
Q

Prosthetic heart valves - antithrombotic therapy:bioprosthetic:

A

aspirin

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15
Q

Prosthetic heart valves - antithrombotic therapy mechanical:

A

warfarin + aspirin

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16
Q

Patients with established CVD should take

A

atorvastatin 80mg on

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17
Q

Methadone is a common cause of

A

QT prolongation

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18
Q

Most common cause of endocarditis:

A

Streptococcus viridans

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19
Q

collapsing pulse

A

Patent ductus arteriosus -

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20
Q

Most common cause of endocarditis:if

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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21
Q

?rises first following a myocardial infarction

A

Myoglobin

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22
Q

biggest risk factor PCI: stent thrombosis -

A

withdrawal of antiplatelets

23
Q

Aortic stenosis - marker of severity

A

S4

24
Q

JVP: in tricuspid regurgitation

A

giant v waves

25
Q

JVP closure of the tricuspid valve

A

: C wave -

26
Q

right coronary artery lesion leads to ? location MI?

A

Inferior MI -

27
Q

Infective endocarditis - strongest risk factor is

A

previous episode of infective endocarditis

28
Q

Infective endocarditis ?carries a good prognosis

A
  • streptococcal infection
29
Q

Aortic stenosis - most common cause:

younger patients

A

bicuspid aortic valve

30
Q

Hypertension - step 4

K+

A

spironolactone

31
Q

Hypertension - step 4K+ > 4.5

A

higher-dose thiazide-like diuretic

32
Q

HOCM - poor prognostic factor on echo =

A

septal wall thickness of > 3cm

33
Q

Aortic stenosis management: if symptomatic,

A

AVR

34
Q

an early sign of LVF

A

Gallop rhythm (S3)

35
Q

Flash pulmonary oedema, U&Es worse on ACE inhibitor, asymmetrical kidneys

A

renal artery stenosis - do MR angiography

36
Q

DVLA advice following angioplasty - cannot drive for

A

1 week

37
Q

DVLA advice post MI - cannot drive for

A

4 weeks

38
Q

Atrial fibrillation - mgt

A

cardioversion: amiodarone + flecainide

39
Q

acyanotic Congenital heart disease most common cause

A

VSD

40
Q

Congenital heart disease

cyanotic most common at birth

A

TGA

41
Q

Congenital heart disease

cyanotic most common overall

A

Fallot’s

42
Q

Atrial fibrillation: rate control -

A

beta blockers preferable to digoxin

43
Q

Complete heart block following an inferior MI is an indication for pacing,

A

NOT

44
Q

Complete heart block following an anterior MI is an indication for pacing,

A

T

45
Q

Bosentan -

A

endothelin-1 receptor antagonist

46
Q

treatment of hypertension DRUG PREFERRED?

A

Calcium channel blockers are now preferred to thiazides

47
Q

Clopidogrel inhibits

A

ADP binding to platelet receptors

48
Q

?causes a variable intensity of S1

A

Complete heart block

49
Q

Complete heart block following a MI? - CAUSED BY?

A

right coronary artery lesion

50
Q

asymptomatic AS treatment criteria

A

otherwise cut-off is gradient of 50 mmHg

51
Q

Aortic stenosis - most common cause:

older patients > 65 years:

A

calcification

52
Q

Aortic dissection type B - descending aorta mgt

-

A

control BP(IV labetalol)

53
Q

drowsy with a tachycardia,prolongation of QT -

Many drugs can cause a prolonged QT interval.

A

diphenhydramine and methadone.collapsed and is the most likely option is diphenhydramine as the tachycardia is more typical.

54
Q

nervous system stimulant long QT

A

Amphetamines

mrcp part 1 (2 decks)

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