Cardio vascular system

Question 1

what is stroke volume and what is the typical average

Answer 1

amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle in one beat - 70ml

Question 2

Cardiac output and resting volume

Answer 2

Amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle very minute - 5l

Question 3

cardiac output equation

Answer 3

cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate

Question 4

what is venous return

Answer 4

the amount of blood returning back to the heart

Question 5

what is an artery

Answer 5

carries oxygenated blood to the body, the have a small lumen and a thick tunica media and can carry blood under high pressures

Question 6

what is an arteriole

Answer 6

they are the link between arteries and capillaries, during exercise they can vasodialate and vasoconstrict towards and away from working/inactive muscles due to the pre capillary sphincter

Question 7

what is a capillary

Answer 7

transport blood to body cells, they are one cell thick and carry under low pressure so that diffusion can occur

Question 8

what is a vein

Answer 8

transport blood from the body to the heart and lungs for reoxygenation, they have a large lumen and thin tunica externa and carry under a low pressure

Question 9

what are venules

Answer 9

Collect blood before emptying into the veins

Question 10

short term effects

Answer 10

increase stroke volume, increase cardiac output, increase heart rate

Question 11

long term effects

Answer 11

increase maximal cardiac output, increase resting stroke volume, decrease resting heart rate