Cardio/pulmonary Flashcards
What contributes to increased HR during exercise?
Decreased vagal stimulation and increased catecolamines
What determined stroke volume?
Preload, afterload, inotropy, blood pressure
What contributes to increased stroke volume during exercise
decreased afterload, increased contractility, and increaased epinephrine
What contributes to increased blood flow to working skeletal muscle during exercise?
Increased cardiac output, increased vasodialation, increased vasoconstriction, increased systolic blood pressure
What causes vasodialation in response to increase in blood flow through an arteriole?
Nitric oxide
What are the 2 biggest contributons to increase diffusion of oxygen across respiratory membrane during exercise?
increased aveolar surface and increased PO2 gradient
What affects diffusion of O2 across the respiratory membrane?
Alveolar surface area, partial pressure gradient, altitude
Increases in skeletal muscle temperature during exercise _______ of O2
Increases hemoglobin unloading
What facilitates O2 uptake by exercising skeltal muscle
Increased temperature, decreased pH, increased PO2 gradient, and increased myoglobin affinity for O2
General principal for exercise training
Individuality and specificity
How should we determine/prescribe intensity
Karvonen formula (% of HR reserve)
What is the expected increase in VO2 max after 6 months of aerobic training
15-20%
What contributes to an increase in VO2 max after training?
Central and peripheral CV adaptations
Central cardiovascular adaptations
Things directly related to the heart and cardiac output
Peripheral cardiovascular adaptations
Things that contribute to a-v O2 difference
