Cardio Physio--Ballam

Question 1

first heart sound

Answer 1

closure of AV valves

Question 2

2nd heart sound

Answer 2

closing of aortic and pulm valves

Question 3

3rd heart sound

Answer 3

blood rushing into the ventricle

Question 4

4th heart sound

Answer 4

atrial contraction- last bit of blood being squeezed into the ventricle

Question 5

p wave represents what phase?

Answer 5

phase 0 (of atrium)

Question 6

QRS represents what phase?

Answer 6

phase 0 (of ventricles)

Question 7

ST segment- what phase?

Answer 7

phase 2

Question 8

T wave- what phase?

Answer 8

phase 3 (repolarization)

Question 9

when is Na most permeable?

Answer 9

phase 0 (p wave and QRS)

Question 10

ST elevation- due to?

Answer 10

phase 4 (resting phase of AP)- part of heart is depolarized (ischemic region)
-ischemic tissue not able to repolarize/reach normal resting membrane potential

Question 11

fast AP- phase 0

Answer 11

(rapid depolarization)

Na goes into cell

Question 12

fast AP- phase 1

Answer 12

(early repolarization)

• Na channel closes
• k channel opens

Question 13

fast AP- phase 2

Answer 13

(plateau)

• Ca channel opens
• K channel open

Question 14

fast AP- phase 3

Answer 14

(rapid repolarization)

• Ca channel closes
• K channel open

Question 15

fast AP- phase 4

Answer 15

-resting membrane potential

Question 16

sinus or AV nodal cells- slow AP- phase 4

Answer 16

-Na open

Question 17

sinus or AV nodal cells- slow AP- phase )

Answer 17

• Na open

- Ca opens

Question 18

sinus or AV nodal cells- slow AP- phase 3

Answer 18

-K opens