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First Aid Cardiovascular Chapter > Cardio Pharmacology II > Flashcards

Cardio Pharmacology II Flashcards

1
Q

mnemonic for antiarrythmics (I-IV)

A

Some - Sodium Channel Blockers (I)
Block - Beta Blockers (II)
Potassium - Potassium Channel Blockers (III)
Channels - Calcium Channel Blockers (IV)

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2
Q

Class IA drug mnemonic and drug names

A

The Queen Proclaims Diso’s Pyramid

Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide

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3
Q

Class IB drug mnemonic and drug names

A

I’d Buy Lido’s Mexican Tacos

Lidocaine and Mexiletine

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4
Q

Class IC drug mnemonic and drug names

A

Can I have Fries, Please?

Flecainide and Propafenone

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5
Q

Class II drug class

A

Beta Blockers

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6
Q

Class III drug mnemonic and drug names

A

AIDS

Amiodarone, Ibutilide, Dofetilide, Sotalol

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7
Q

Class IV drug names

A

Verapamil and Diltiazem

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8
Q

What antiarrythmics are state dependent and what does that mean?

A

Class I

selectively depress tissue that is frequently depolarized (tachycardia)

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9
Q

Mechanism of class IA? (3)

A

increase AP duration, increase ERP in ventricular action potential, increase QT interval

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10
Q

clinical use of class IA?

A

atrial and ventricular arrhythmia

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11
Q

What are class IA drugs especially good at treating?

A

re-entrant and ectopic SVT and VT

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12
Q

What drug causes Cinchonism (headache, tinnitus)?

A

Quinidine

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13
Q

What drug causes reversible SLE-like syndrome?

A

Procainamide

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14
Q

What drug causes heart failure?

A

disopyramide

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15
Q

What AA class causes thrombocytopenia?

A

Class I Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide

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16
Q

What do class I AA increase the risk for due to their mechanism?

A

torsades de pointes due to increased QT interval

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17
Q

mechanism of class IB? (1)

A

decreases AP duration

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18
Q

Where does class IB preferentially work?

A

preferentially affect ischemic or depolarized Purkinje and ventricular tissue

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19
Q

What other drug can also fall into the IB category?

A

Phenytoin

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20
Q

What drug class is used especially post-MI

A

IB (Lidocaine and Mexiletine)

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21
Q

What is the use of class IB?

A

acute ventricular arrhythmia (post MI)

digitalis-induced arrhythmia

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22
Q

What drug class is used to treat acute ventricular arrhythmia (post MI)?

A

IB (Lidocaine and Mexiletine)

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23
Q

what drug class is used to treat digitalis-induced arrhythmia?

A

IB (Lidocaine and Mexiletine)

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24
Q

What class of AA have a side effect of CNS effects (seizures)?

A

IB (Lidocaine and Mexiletine)

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25
Q

mechanism of Class IC drugs? (3)

A

significantly prolongs ERP in AV node and accessory bypass tracts.
no effect on ERP in purkinje and ventricular tissue.
minimal effect on AP duration

26
Q

What class is used as a last resort for refractory VT?

A

IC

27
Q

What is the clinical use of class IC drugs?

A

SVTs, including atrial fibrillation

last resort for refractory VT

28
Q

What class of AA are contraindicated post-MI and why?

A

Class IC because it is proarrhythmic

29
Q

When are class IC drugs contraindicated?

A

contraindicated post-MI and in structural and ischemic heart disease

30
Q

Mechanism of Class II? (4)

A

decrease SA and AV nodal activity by decreasing cAMP
decrease Ca++ currents
suppress abnormal pacemakers by decreasing slope of phase 4
increases PR interval (AV node is sensitive)

31
Q

Which Class II drug is very short acting?

A

Esmolol

32
Q

What is the clinical use of Class II AA?

A

SVT, ventricular rate control for atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter

33
Q

What drug class can mask the signs of hypoglycemia?

A

Class II B-Blockers

34
Q

What drug class can cause impotence?

A

Class II B-Blockers

35
Q

General side effects of B-Blockers

A

exacerbates COPD/asthma

CV depression and CNS depression

36
Q

all B-Blockers except which two cause unopposed A1 agonism if given for pheochromocytoma or cocaine toxicity

A

Carvedilol and Labetalol

37
Q

What class II AA causes dyslipidemia?

A

Metoprolol

38
Q

what class II AA can exacerbate vasospasm in Prinzmetal Angina?

A

Propranolol

39
Q

How do you treat B-Blocker overdose? (3)

A

Saline, Atropine, Glucagon

40
Q

mechanism of Class III? (3)

A

increase AP duration, increase ERP, and increase QT interval

41
Q

clinical use of Class III (3)

A

Atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter

42
Q

What Class III AA treat ventricular tachycardia? (2)

A

Amiodarone and Sotalol

43
Q

What AA has class I, II, III, and IV effects?

A

Amiodarone

44
Q

What tests should you run when using Amiodarone?

A

PFTs, LFTs, TFTs

45
Q

Adverse effects of Sotalol?

A

torsades de pointes and excessive B blockade

46
Q

What class III AA has B-Blocker activity?

A

Sotalol

47
Q

Adverse effects of Ibutilide?

A

Torsades De Pointes

48
Q

Why does Amiodarone cause thyroid issues?

A

Hypo/Hyperthyroidism due to it being 40% iodine by weight

49
Q

What side effects of Amiodarone are due to it acting as a hapten? (3)

A

corneal deposits

blue/gray skin deposits leading to photodermatitis

50
Q

What organ toxicities occur when taking Amiodarone?

A

pulmonary fibrosis and hepatotoxicity

51
Q

What drug toxicity does Amiodarone predispose you to and why?

A

Digoxin

decreases clearance of Digoxin

52
Q

Cardiovascular adverse effects of Amiodarone?

A

bradycardia, heart block, HF

53
Q

What AA is very lipophilic?

A

Amiodarone

54
Q

mechanism of class IV? (3)

A

decrease conduction velocity
increase ERP
increase PR interval

55
Q

clinical use of Class IV? (2)

A

prevention of nodal arrhythmias (SVT)

rate control in atrial fibrillation

56
Q

What are the adverse effects of class IV drugs? (4)

A

Constipation
Flushing
Edema
CV depression

57
Q

Mechanism of Adenosine

A

increases K+ out of cells hyperpolarizes the cell and therefore decreases inward Ca++ current

58
Q

Adenosine is the DoC for what?

A

diagnosing and terminating PSVT and SVT associated with Wolf Parkinson White Syndrome

59
Q

How fast acting is adenosine?

A

within 15 seconds

60
Q

What drugs blunt the effect of Adenosine and how?

A

Theophylline and Caffeine

both are adenosine receptor antagonists

61
Q

What AA has an adverse effect of chest pain and sense of impending doom, and bronchospasm?

A

Adenosine

62
Q

What are the uses of Mg++? (2)

A

treats Torsades de Pointes and Digoxin toxicity

First Aid Cardiovascular Chapter (6 decks)

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