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Cardiovascular System > Cardio PBL- Henkin > Flashcards

Cardio PBL- Henkin Flashcards

1
Q

What is normal waist circumferance?

A
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2
Q

What are possible causes of left ventricular hypertrophy?

A

Hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, aortic stenosis

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3
Q

What treatment should be given for metabolic syndrome with LVH and ST depression and palpitations?

A

Aspirin for patients over 15% on Framingham

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4
Q

Treatment flowchart for AFib

A
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5
Q

CHAD score risk factors and relative risk

A
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6
Q

What does CHADS2 stand for?

A

Each gets a point:

C-congestive heart failure

H-hypertension

A-Age >=75

D-Diabetes Mellitus

S2-stroke or TIA (2 points)

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7
Q

What is the maximum risk for a maximum CHADS2 score

A

18.2x risk of stroke with a score of 6

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8
Q

At what CHAD score does the benefit for oral anticoagulants (warfarin) outweigh the risks of stroke?

A

2

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9
Q

What is the treatment for a CHAD risk of 0?

A

Nothing or aspirin

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10
Q

What is the treatment for a CHAD risk of 1

A

Aspirin or warfarin

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11
Q

What sort of upstream therapy prevents underlying disease causing AFib?

A

ACEIs, ARBs, Statins, Omega 3s, etc.

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12
Q

What can cause low BP, low pulse and engorged jugular veins?

A

Overparasympathetic activity leading to a heart block seen in inferior or posterior MI.

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13
Q

What causes engorged jugular veins?

A

RV damage

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14
Q

What is the immediate treatment for MI?

A

Aspirin 300mg chewed, IV morphine, cath lab (if no time, thrombolysis).

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15
Q

What is the average hospital stay for an MI patient?

A

5 days

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16
Q

Most important to prevent after MI:

A

Arrhythmias, free wall rupture, future atherosclerosis, ischemia, LV remodeling froms carring.

17
Q

What drugs should be given post MI?

A

A-antiplatelet (aspirin, clopidigrel for 1 year), B-beta blockeres, C-ACE inhibitor/Cholesterol lowering (statin, Ezetimibe, Fibrate/niacin), D-diet change

18
Q

What is the reduced risk with aspirin?

A

20-25%

19
Q

What is the treatment for preload in MI in right ventricle?

A

Fluids

20
Q

What is the treatment for preload in MI in left ventricle?

A

Diuretics (NOT fluids, will drown)

Cardiovascular System (28 decks)

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