cardio embryo

Question 1

embryological derivative of the coronary sinus

Answer 1

sinus venous

Question 2

endocardial cushions are embryo derivatives of

Answer 2

valves and soft membranous part of ivs

Question 3

embryo derivative of post ra

Answer 3

sinus venous

Question 4

derivative of Ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk

Answer 4

Truncus arteriosus

Question 5

vitelline vein is e. derivative of

Answer 5

portal circulation and mesentric veins

Question 6

embryo derivative of smooth musc of right and left ventricle

Answer 6

bulbus cordis

Question 7

umbilical v is embryo derivative of

Answer 7

round lig of liver

Question 8

sup vena cava syndrome

Answer 8

retrograde pooling of blood to head neck and arms which leads to facial plethora and ue edema
increased icp which leads to hydrocephqly and bilat papillary edema

Question 9

e. derivative of svc

Answer 9

common cardinal v

Question 10

Di George syndrome assosciations

Answer 10

ToF and persistent Truncus Arteriosus

Question 11

how is aortic-pulm septum formed

Answer 11

d/t migration of neural crest cells from hindbrain

Question 12

whats persistent Truncus Arteriosus

Answer 12

mixing of oxy and deoxy blood d/t incomplete/partial form of aortic pulm septum

Question 13

sx of di george syndrome

Answer 13

1. hypocalcemia which can be obsv thru TROSSEAU’S SIGN and facial deformities 9cleft lip and palette)
   2.ptosis, hypertelorosim, epicanthal folds, hooded eyes
2. malar flatness
3. prominent nose root
4. microangthia and retro
5. thymic aplasia
6. esop atresia
7. tracheo-esophagal fistula
   .9congenital heart defects ( ToF, PTA, VSD, interrupted aortic arch)
   10.intestinal malrotation
   11 anal atresia
   12 clubbed foot
   13developmental disorder, speech delay and adhd and intellectual disability

Question 14

transposition of great vessels

Answer 14

failed spiraling of aortic-pulmonary septum which leads to blood directly entering from left to pulmonary circulation ( instead of systemic)

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the ductus arteriosus?

A. NSAIDs can be given to premature neonates to keep open a patent ductus arteriosus
B. Prostaglandins are a definitive treatment to keep the ductus arteriosus open in a patient with transposition of the great
vessels
C. Indomethacin can help close the patent ductus arteriosus
D. The left fourth aortic (pharyngeal) arch develops into the ductus arteriosus

Answer 15

C: as nsiads like indomethacin close ductus arteriosus;
pge can close but only temporarily;
ductus arteriosus is derived from left 6 pharyngeal arch

Question 16

what is first formed in atrial septation

Answer 16

septum primum

Question 17

foramen/osteum primum is the space between

Answer 17

septum primum and endocardial cushions

Question 18

foramen secundum is the space between

Answer 18

septum primum and septum secendum

Question 18

Maxillary Artery originates from

Answer 18

1st pharyngeal arch

Question 19

the pathology of 4th pharyngeal arch is

Answer 19

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 20

Proximal Pulmonary Arteries originates from

Answer 20

right 6th pharyngeal arch

Question 21

With regards to the foramen ovale, which of the following is true?

A. Patients with a patent foramen ovale are typically severely symptomatic early in life

B. Patients with a patent foramen ovale have a lower risk of paradoxical embolism

C. Incomplete fusion of the septum primum with the septum secundum leads to a persistently patent foramen ovale

D. In secundum-type atrial septal defects, the foramen ovale closes and becomes the fossa ovalis

Answer 21

c

Question 22

which tye of defects are assosciated with other heart defects

Answer 22

primum type defects, such as avsd

Question 23

Proximal Pulmonary Arteries derived from

Answer 23

right and left 6 aortic arch

Question 24

Patent ductus arteriosus is pathology of

Answer 24

left 6 pharyngeal arch

Question 25

associated with ASD

Answer 25

wide-fixed and split s2 murmur

Question 26

what hemodynamic changes occur after birth

Answer 26

decrease in pul vascular resistance and increase in L. atrial pressure ( baby starts crying more oxygen)

Question 27

Coarctation of the aorta is pathology of

Answer 27

4th left aortic arch

Question 28

cryptogenic cerebrovascular accident/stroke can be associated with

Answer 28

patent foramen ovale and atrial septal defects

Question 29

paradoxical emboli in pfo can cause

Answer 29

a fib; can go to left circulation and the into aorta, renal artery and brain and cause stroke

Question 30

most common type of asd are

Answer 30

secendum type of asd

Question 31

patent ductus arteriosus can be heard at

Answer 31

L inf clavicular region