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MED/SURG: CARDIO/ECG's > CARDIO: ECG'S BASICS > Flashcards

CARDIO: ECG'S BASICS Flashcards

1
Q

P Wave?

A

Atrial depolarization

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2
Q

QRS Complex?

A

Ventricular Depolarization

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3
Q

T wave?

A

Ventricular repolarization

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4
Q
  1. ECG strip how many seconds?
A
  1. 6 seconds
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5
Q
  1. How many BIG boxes in a 6 second strip?
A
  1. 30 BIG boxes in a 6 second strip
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6
Q
  1. Each BIG box is equal to?
A
  1. Each BIG box is equal to 0.2 seconds
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7
Q
  1. ECG Strip which axis is voltage
  2. Which axis is time?
A
  1. Voltage is Y axis
  2. Time is X axis
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8
Q

•Always approach each ECG rhythm in a logical and systematic manner using the steps listed below;

  1. Evaluate the R?
  2. Evaluate the R?
  3. Evaluate the __?__ Waves
  4. Evaluate the __?__interval
  5. Evaluate the __?__Complex
A

Always approach each ECG rhythm in a logical and systematic manner using the steps listed below;

  1. Evaluate the Rate
  2. Evaluate the Rhythm
  3. Evaluate the P Waves
  4. Evaluate the P-R Interval
  5. Evaluate the QRS Complex
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9
Q

Evaluate the RATE

You can use several methods to evaluate the rate

Name three?

A

You can use several methods to evaluate the rate:

  1. Count the number of QRS complexes in a 6 second strip and multiply by 10
  2. Count the number of QRS complexes in a 3-second strip and multiply by 20
  3. Triplicate Method/300 Rule
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10
Q

Evaluate the Rhythm

  1. Rhythm originates from?
  2. Mark ___?___
A
  1. Sinoatrial node
  2. Is the R part of the QRS complex set at regular intervals? Same shape? If so the rhythm is normal
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11
Q

Evaluate the P Waves
Ask yourself 4 questions?

A

Evaluate the P Waves

  1. Are they present?
  2. Are they regular?
  3. Is there one present for each QRS?
  4. Do they all look the same?
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12
Q

Evaluate the P-R Interval

  1. Normal PRI Range __?__seconds.
  2. Is the interval __?__
  3. How do you count P-R Interval?
A
  1. Normal PRI Range is 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
  2. Is the interval constant?
  3. Count the number of “little” boxes from
    • the beginning of the P wave to the
    • beginning of the Q/R wave
    • and multiply by 0.04.
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13
Q

Evaluate the P Wave

A
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14
Q

Evaluate the QRS Complex

  1. Normal QRS Range is less than__?__seconds
  2. Do all the QRS complexes look __?__
A

Evaluate the QRS Complex

  1. Normal QRS Range is less than 0.12 seconds
  2. Do all the QRS complexes look alike?
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15
Q

Evaluate the QRS Complex

A
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16
Q

**Basic Rhythms **

  1. Name 5 Basic Rhythms
A

**Basic Rhythms **
•NSR
•SB
•ST
•Atrial dysrhythmias
Ventricular dysrhythmias

17
Q

Normal Sinus Rhythm

  • All QRS complexes evenly spaced
  • Rate is between ___?___
A

Rate is between 60 to 100 beats per minute

18
Q

Sinus Bradycardia

  1. Rate?
  2. Rhythm?
  3. P Wave?
  4. PR Interval (in seconds)
  5. QRS (in seconds)
  6. Is Treatment necessary?
A

Sinus Bradycardia

  1. Rate <60bpm
  2. Rhythm regular
  3. P Wave before each QRS identical
  4. PR Interval (in seconds) .12 to .20 WNL
  5. QRS (in seconds) <.12 WNL
  6. Treatment maybe necessary if client is symptomatic showing signs of decreased Cardiac output
19
Q

Sinus Bradycardia

Nursing Interventions (7)

  • ​Attempt
  • Adm (3)
  • AVOID (1)
  • Monitor (1)
A
  1. Attempt to determine cause
  2. Adm OXYGEN
  3. Adm Atropine sulfate to increase HR to 60 bmp
  4. Prepare to apply noninvasive transcutateous pacemaker if atropine does not increase rate
  5. AVOID additional doses of Atropine sulfate b/c this will induce tachycardia
  6. Monitor or hypotension adm fluids
  7. Depending on cause pt may need permanent pacemaker
20
Q

Sinus Tachycardia

  1. Rate?
  2. Rhythm?
  3. P Wave?
  4. PR Interval (in seconds)
  5. QRS (in seconds)
A

Sinus Tachycardia

  1. Rate: 100-180 bpm
  2. Rhythm: Regular
  3. P Wave?
  4. PR Interval (in seconds) WNL
  5. QRS (in seconds) WNL
21
Q

Sinus Tachycardia Rate

Nursing Interventions

A
  1. Identify cause
  2. Decrease HR by treating underlying cause
22
Q

Sinus Tachycardia

A

Sinus Tachycardia

23
Q

Atrial Fibrillation Flutter

  1. Rate?
  2. Rhythm?
  3. P Wave?
  4. PR Interval (in seconds)
  5. QRS (in seconds)
A

Atrial Fibrillation Flutter

  1. Rate: A: 230-430 bmp V: < 300 bpm
  2. Rhythm: Regular or Variable
  3. P Wave: Sawtoothed appearance before QRS complex
  4. PR Interval (in seconds) **N/A **
  5. QRS (in seconds) **<12 **
24
Q

What Type of Rhythm?

A

Atrial Fibriliation Flutter

Sawtooth

25
Q

What kind of rhythm?

A

Atrial Fibrillation Flutter

Sawtooth

26
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

Nursing Interventions

A
  1. Adm Oxygen
  2. Adm anticougulates b/c of risk of emboli
  3. Adm Cardia meds to control ventriciular rhythm and assist in the maintenance of cardia output
  4. Prepare for cardioversion
  5. Instruct pt in the use of meds to control dysrhythmias

MED/SURG: CARDIO/ECG's (3 decks)

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