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M2 > Cardio Drugs > Flashcards

Cardio Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

alirocumab

A

PCSK9 inhibitor

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2
Q

evolocumab

A

pcsk9 inhibitor

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3
Q

-coloes-

A

resin-decrease hepatic cholesterol and increase LDL-R on liver

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4
Q

-fibro

A

activate PPARalpha-decrase TAGS

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5
Q

Epi

A

B1/B2>a1/2, @ high doses get a1

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6
Q

Ne

A

B1, a1, and a2

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7
Q

D

A

D1-R=diruse>B2>a1

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8
Q

phenylephrine

A

a1 agonist

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9
Q

clonidine

A

a2 agonist-inhibit SNS (NE release)-on presynaptic

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10
Q

Isoproterenol

A

nonselective B agonist

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11
Q

Dobutmine

A

B1 with some a1 effects

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12
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

ANT a1, a2-irreversible

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13
Q

Prazosin

+2 (root is okay)

A

ANT a1

-zosin=terazosin and doxazosin

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14
Q

Tamsulosin

A

ANT a1 and D1-BPH trx

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15
Q

3 normal ANT B1 selective drugs

A

atenolol, metroprolo, acebutolol (partial)

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16
Q

Esmolol

A

ultra short acting

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17
Q

Neviolol

A

ANT B1, some B3 vasodilatory effects

- no negative lipid/DM effects

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18
Q

Carvediol

A

ANT a1, b1, b2

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19
Q

labetalol

A

ANT a1,b1, b2

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20
Q

-afil (3)

A

PDE5 inhibitors
-cGMP increase

Sildenifil, vadenafil, taladafil

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21
Q

verapamill

A

bind to open L type Ca2+ (close)

-more relax heart and less relax VSM

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22
Q

Diltiazem

A

bind to open L type Ca2+ (close)

-relaxes both heart and VSM

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23
Q

Nefedipine

A

DHP
bind to closed L-type Ca2+ channels and keep closed
-bettter than other 2 (name)
-more vasodilation less heart relax

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24
Q

Ranolozine

A

inhibit inward Na+ channel in heart-decease Ca2+ level (Na Channel, Ca blocker)

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25
Q

Digitalis

A

Block Na/K+ ATPase, Na increases cuz not bumped out, increases Ca2+ in cell

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26
Q

Milrinone

A

PDE3 inhibitor, increases cAMP
increase contractility and vasodilation
fatal arryhtmias

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27
Q

Enoximone

+1

A

PDE3 inhibitor, increases cAMP
increase contractility and vasodilation
-heart failure

iamrinone

28
Q

Enestro

A

ANP degradation + ARB activation

29
Q

BiDil

A

Nitrate and hydraliziine (vasodilator)

30
Q

hydralizine

A

vasodilator-gives you a lupus like syndrome

31
Q

mioxidil

A

K+ channel opener=vasodilator
hypertrichosifs and water retention
-rogaine
-need diuretic

32
Q

Acetazolamide

A

prox tubule
Ca inhibitor-less Na reabsorption
hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

33
Q

Mannitol

A

prox tubule and descending LOH

at bad hypertension/ICP

34
Q

Furosemide

A

inhibits NKCC2-Na, K, Cl into cell

ottos, k wasting, hypo Mg

35
Q

bumetanide

A

inhibits NKCC2-Na, K, Cl into cell

ottos, k wasting, hypo Mg

36
Q

torsemide

A

inhibits NKCC2-Na, K, Cl into cell

ottos, k wasting, hypo Mg

37
Q

ethacrynic acid

A

only non sulfonamide LOH diuretic

all LOH are ascending loop

38
Q

Thiazides

A

DCT
NCC transport blocker-N and C into cell
DECRASE URINE Ca2+

39
Q

Spironolactone +1

A

DCT and collecting duct
eplernone

ALD inhibitor, decrease Na retention and K loss

slow onset (1-2day duration)

40
Q

Amiloride

A

DCT and collecting duct
Block ENaC (Na+ in)
K wasting

41
Q

Triamterine

A

Block ENaC but more toxic

42
Q

-vaptans

A

late DCt and collecting duct
antagonize v1a and v2
reduce water absorption and increase plasma Na

43
Q

thiazides and LOH and ALD antagnoistsand ENac antagonists common thing

A

all inhibited by NSAIDS

44
Q

Heparin

A

activates antithrombin (F2) to inhibit F10
teratogenic
Heperatin induced thrombocytopenia-trx with praline sulfate

45
Q

Enoxaprin

Fondaparinux

A

low molecular weight hepeorain-better

pentasaccharide-100% bioaviail

46
Q

-Prils

A

ACE inhibitors
worked about bradykinene and substance P=cough and angioedema

better than ARBs

tereatogenic

47
Q

-sartans

A

A2RBs

TERATOGENIC

48
Q

Desirudin +2

A

Bivalirudin-30 min t1/2
Argatroban-bnds only in active (others do both)-30 minute t1/2

direct thrombin inhibitor-2 hour half life

49
Q

warfarin

A

oral anticoag-vit K reductase antagonist

hit 7,9,10 protein c and s

50
Q

dabigatran

A

direct thrombin inhibitor-expensive, oral

51
Q

-xabans

A

novel Xa inhibitors-oral

52
Q

altepase

A

tpa, 5 min t1/2

53
Q

ASSA

A

irreversibly inhibit COX-decreased TXA2 (pro-thromb) and need to remake PGI2 (anti thromb)

54
Q

Clopidogrel

A

irreversible ADP receptor antagnoist-decrase platelet aggregation

55
Q

Prasugrel

A

irreversible ADP receptor antagnoist-decrase platelet aggregation

56
Q

Ticarelor

A

reversible ADP receptor antagnoist-decrase platelet aggregation

57
Q

Abciximab

A

Platelet GP11b/111a receptor blockers-decease platelet plug formation

58
Q

Tirofiban and eptifibutide

A

Platelet GP11b/111a receptor blockers-decease platelet plug formation

59
Q

Eptifibutide

A

Platelet GP11b/111a receptor blockers-decease platelet plug formation

60
Q

Class 1a

  • names
  • effect
A

DQP
disopyramide-longer duration of action and anti-musc.
quiinidine-tinnitis, HA, thrombocytopenia
procainamide

Prolong AP duration, moderate Na block (moderately decrease phase 4 upstroke (depolarization time)), and increase refractory period

61
Q

Class 1b

  • names
  • effect
A

Lettuce and Mayo
lidocaine
Mexiletine-oral acting and longer duration of action

rapid kinetics

shorten AP duration, weak Na block (small decrease in phase 4 upstroke), decrease refractory period

62
Q

Class 1c

  • names
  • effect
A

Fries Please
Flecainamide and Propafenone

slower unblocking kinetics

minimal effect on AP duration, strong Na block (greatly decrease phase 4 upstroke, no effect on refractory

63
Q

CCB vs BB

A

BB prolong time till next beat

CCB prolong repol and upstroke?

64
Q

class 2 (3)

A

b1 and b2=propanolol,

b1 selective=metropolol and atenolol

65
Q

class 3 main + bootleg

A

amiodarone and Dronedarone (no Thyroid but other problems-N, V, D)

Strong potassium block and Ca block

prolong AP duration, slow HR/AV node, rarely cause arryhtmias

THYROID, PULM FIBROSIS, deposits in skin and cornea

66
Q

class 3 (2 excess)

A

Ibutilide and Dofetilide

oral-fib prophylaxis

worrried about QT prolongation and Torsades

67
Q

Adenosine

A

Opens K channels-hyperpolarizes cell

conduction block and reduce Ica-AV node
-less on SA

flushing, brochospasms, and chest pain

M2 (3 decks)

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