Cardio Drugs

Question 1

Pimobendan drug class

Answer 1

Positive ionotrope and vasodilator

Question 2

How does pimobendan work

Answer 2

increasing available calcium, so lessens cardiac load, inhibition of PDE III, and increases interaction of troponic C with contractile proteins

Question 3

Uses of pimobendan

Answer 3

CHF and valvular insufficiency or cardiomyopathy

Question 4

Benezapril drug class

Answer 4

ACE inhibitor

Question 5

How does benezapril work

Answer 5

inhibits conversion of angiotension I to II, blocks renal hypertension and synthesis of aldosterone, which decreases Na and H2O retention, causing vasodilation

Question 6

Uses of benezapril

Answer 6

hypertension, CHF, and decreases likelihood of developing cardiomyopathy

Question 7

Enalapril drug class

Answer 7

ACE inhibitor

Question 8

How does enalapril work

Answer 8

inhibits conversion of angiotension I to II, blocks renal hypertension and synthesis of aldosterone, which decreases Na and H2O retention, causing vasodilation. thus increasing vasodilating kinins and prostaglandins

Question 9

uses of enalapril

Answer 9

hypertension, CHF, and maybe beneficial for renal disease

Question 10

Furosemide drug class

Answer 10

loop diuretic

Question 11

how does furosemide work

Answer 11

inhibits Na/K/Cl reabsorption in ascending thick loop of Henle. Some ins are retained in renal tubule and presented to distal nephron. Dilute urine is produced because water is retained in the tubule. It may increase renal blood flow, but no increase in GFR.

Question 12

uses of furosemide

Answer 12

edema, pulmonary edema, liver disease, heart and vascular disease. Hyperkalemia and calcemia, because furosemide increases K and Ca excretion

Question 13

Spironolactone drug class

Answer 13

K+ sparing diuretic and aldosterone antagonist (more aldosterone antagonist than diuretic)

Question 14

how does spironolactone work

Answer 14

interfere with Na reabsorption in distal renal tubules by totally inhibiting the action of aldosterone by binding directly to aldosterone receptor

Question 15

uses of spironolactone

Answer 15

hypertension and CHF, can be used as ACE inhibitor (by inhibiting RAAS)

Question 16

Digoxin drug class

Answer 16

Cardiac inotropic agent, regulate HR and rhythm, digitalis glycosides

Question 17

how does digoxin work

Answer 17

inactivation of cardiac muscle Na/K ATPase and increase intracellular availability of Ca, triggering Ca release from sarcoplasmic reticulum, thus increases contractility and decrease HR

Question 18

uses of digoxin

Answer 18

supraventricular arrhythmias-suppression of AV node

Question 19

Diltiazem drug class

Answer 19

calcium channel blocker

Question 20

how does diltiazem work

Answer 20

blocks Ca entry into cells via blockade of voltage dependent slow Ca channel, this causes vasodilation, negative chronotropic effects and negative inotropic

Question 21

uses of diltiazem

Answer 21

supraventricular arrhythmias, a fib, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 22

Lidocaine drug class

Answer 22

antiarrhythmic

Question 23

how does lidocaine work

Answer 23

inhibits nerve conduction via Na channel blockade, class I antiarrhythmic

Question 24

uses of lidocaine

Answer 24

conversion of ventricular arrhythmia, increase heart conduction

Question 25

amiodarone drug class

Answer 25

antiarrhythmic, can be a B1 Ca blocker

Question 26

how does amiodarone work

Answer 26

Class III antiarrhythmics effects causes by blocking outward K channel, prolongs action potential, delays myocardial repolarization and delays refractor period in cardiac tissues

Question 27

uses of amiodarone

Answer 27

refractory ventricular arrhythmias

Question 28

nitroprusside drug class

Answer 28

vasodilator

Question 29

how does nitroprusside work

Answer 29

relaxes vascular smooth muscle

Question 30

uses of nitroprusside

Answer 30

acute management of pulmonary edema and hypertension

Question 31

sildenaphil drug class

Answer 31

phosphodiesterase inhibitors PDE

Question 32

how does sildenaphil work

Answer 32

reduces pulmonary artery load (tone) allows blood to get to rest of body

Question 33

uses of sildenaphil

Answer 33

pulmonary hypertension

Question 34

amlodipine drug class

Answer 34

Ca channel blocker

Question 35

how does amlodipine work

Answer 35

decreases Ca influx in heart and vascular smooth muscle, acts as a vasodilator

Question 36

uses of amlodipine

Answer 36

decreases systemic BP, can decrease proteinuria

Question 37

atenolol drug class

Answer 37

B1 antagonist

Question 38

how does atenolol work

Answer 38

B antagonist, B adrenergic blocker, selective B1 receptor, water soluble B blocker and relies on kidneys for clearance

Question 39

uses of atenolol

Answer 39

antiarrhythmic, slows sinus rate

Question 40

propranolol drug class

Answer 40

B blocker

Question 41

how does propranolol work

Answer 41

nonselective for B1 and B2 adrenergic receptors, class II antiarrhythmic, inhibits cardiac conduction in AV and SA nodes to decrease HR and ventricular response to atrial stimulation. It is lipophilic, excreted by liver

Question 42

uses of propranolol

Answer 42

decrease HR, cardiac conduction, and BP

Question 43

telmisartan MOA

Answer 43

vasodilator, angiotensin II receptor blocker

Question 44

dobutamine drug class

Answer 44

B1 agonist, inotrope

Question 45

uses of dobutamine

Answer 45

increase contractility

Question 46

uses of hydralazine

Answer 46

vasodilator. used to treat hypertension