Cardio And Resp

Question 1

Dose : Capsules (150 mg, 110 mg, 75 mg)
CI: heamorrhagic manifestation , (+) diathesis, impairment in heamostasis, organ lesion (haemorrhagic stroke), Severe Renal Impairment
Int: Ketoconazole
Adr: Severe Bleeding, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia

Answer 1

Pradaxa®
(Dabigatran Etexilate)
Class: thrombolytic /Anticoagulant

Prevents blood clot
For DVT and embolism (pulmonary)

Question 2

Dose :Tablet (300 mg, 75 mg)
CI: Hypersensitivity, Active pathological bleeding (peptic ulcer or intracranial hemorrhage)
Int: Heparin (anti coagulant) , ASA, Naproxen (increase GI blood loss)
Adr: Haematoma (pasa), epistaxis, diarhoea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia (bloating na hindi mo maintindihan); bruising and bleeding at ouncture siteGI hemorrhage

Answer 2

Plavix®
(Clopidogrel bisulfate)
Class: thrombolytic

Prevents clot
MI, stroke, ACS
**More on heart

Question 3

Dose :Tablet (100 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg)
CI: Hyperkalemia, Acute renal insufficiency, Addison’s dse, anuria,
Int: Indomethacin, Mefenamic Acid, eplerenone
Adr: Muscle spasms, benign breast neoplasm in male (gynecomastia), agranulocytosis, leukopenia, electrolyte imbalance, acidosis,

Answer 3

Aldactone®
(Spironolactone)
Class: Aldosterone Antagonists, k+ sparring, Diuretic

Essential hypertension
Diagnosis for primary hyperaldosteronism
CHF

Question 4

Dose :Tablet (100 mg, 50 mg)
CI:Co-administration with Aliskiren (not used clinically
Int: Reduced effect with NSAIDs
Adr: Vertigo, Hyperkalemia, neutropenia, ↑AST

Answer 4

Cozaar®
(Losartan)
Class: Angiotensin receptor blocker(SARTAN)

HTN, renal protection in type 2 diabetic p. W/ proteinuria

Question 5

Dose :Tablet (40mg, 80 mg)
CI: Biliary Obstructive Disorder, hepatic impairment
Int: Reduced effect with NSAIDs, aliskiren in diabetic px
Adr: Sepsis, erythema URTI, UTI

Answer 5

Micardis®
(TelMIsartan)
Class: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker

Essential HTN

Question 6

Dose :Tablet (10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 5mg)
CI:Active Liver Disease
Int: increase plasma conc w/ Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir
Adr: Myalgia, HA, asthenia, constipation, dizziness, nausea, abdominal pain, DM

Answer 6

Crestor®
(Rosuvastatin)
Class: lipid lowering agents ( hypolypidemic agent)

Question 7

Dose :Tablet (50 mg, 100 mg)
CI:Sinus Bradycardia ( low heart rate)
Int: cathecolamin-es depleting drugs (reserpine), CYP2D6 inhibitor
Adr: Bradycardia

Answer 7

Lopressor®
(Metoprolol Tartrate)
Class: Beta-Blockers

HTN in MI
Angina

Question 8

Dose :Tablet (10 mg, 2.5mg, 5mg
CI: sensitivity to Dihydropyridines
Int: Grapefruit
Adr: Abdominal Pain, flushing, epistaxis, asthenia

Answer 8

Norvasc®
(Amlodipine Besilate)
Class: Calcium Channel Blockers- Dihydropyridine (long acting)

Question 9

Dose :Tablet (30mg, 60mg)
CI: Hypotension, shock constrictive cardiomyopathy and pericarditis
Int: Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors (eg, Sildenafil)
Adr: Tachycardia

Answer 9

Imdur®
(Isosorbide-5-mononitrate)
Class: Organic Nitrate Vasodilators/ Anti-angina

Angina pectoris

Question 10

Dose :Tablet (100mg, 200mg, 50mg)
CI: do not use with ace inhibitors for 36 hours. Synergistic. X pregnant
Int: concomitant use of ace and aliskiren
Adr: Hyperkalemia, hepatic impairment

Answer 10

Entresto®
(Sacubitril + Valsartan
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers )
Class: ARBs( angiotensin receptor blocker)

Reduce risk to CV death .
HF in adult (chronic), left ventricular ejection fraction

Question 11

Brand names: Fluimucil®
CI:Hypersensitivity, Children < 2 years old, Phenylketonuria
Int: Antitussive drugs, Nitroglycerin, Carbamazepine
Adr: Hypersensitivity: anaphylactic shock, bronchospasm, angioedema, rush and pruritus

Answer 11

Acetylcysteine
Class: mucolytics

Adult:
Effervescent Tablet: 600 mg
Oral solution: 200 mg bid-tid
Pedia: 100 mg according to age

Question 12

Brand name: Symbicort®
CI:Hypersensitivity to budesonide, formoterol or inhaled lactose
Int: Antifungal, antidepressants, diuretics
Adr: Tremor, chest pain, dry mouth, palpitations, wheezing

Answer 12

Budesonide + Formoterol fumarate dihydrate
Class: Combination of steroid and long-acting bronchodilator: asthma, COPD
Selective Beta-2 Adrenoreceptor agonist
(Bronchodilator)

**Long acting (↑SANS)

Adult and Pedia
80 mcg /4.5 mcg
160 mcg/4.5 mcg
(per actuations)

Question 13

Brand name: Meptin®
CI: hyperthyroidism, heart disease,
hypertension,
diabetes mellitus,
Hypersensitivity to Procaterol HCL
Int:
Adr: Shock or anaphylactoid

Answer 13

Procaterol
Class: Selective Beta-2 Adrenoreceptor agonist
(Bronchodilator)
**Intermediate acting

Adult: 50 mcg or 10 ml
Pedia: 25 mcg or 5 ml

Question 14

Brand name: Mucosolvan®
CI:Hypersensitivity to ambroxol HCL
Int:
Adr: Immune system, skin and tissue disorder , and anaphylactic reactions

Answer 14

Ambroxol
Class: Mucolytics
Dose:Adult: 1 capsule, once daily

Question 15

Brand name: Ventolin®
CI:Patients with paradoxical bronchospasm
Int: MAOIs, Loop Diuretics, Digoxin
Adr: Bronchospasm

Answer 15

Albuterol
Class:Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist

Dose: 2 inhalations every 4-6 hours

Question 16

Brand name:Ansimar®
CI:Hypotension, Acute Myocardial Infarction
Int: Ephedrine, Erythromycin, Other xanthine derivatives
Adr: Tachycardia, Hyperglycemia (rare), Extrasystoles

Answer 16

Doxofylline
Class: Methylxanthine Bronchodilator
Promotes smooth muscle relaxation

**Analog of theophylline
Dose: Adult: 400 mg
Pedia: 6 mg/kg

Question 17

Brand name:Kastair®
CI:Do not use it for treatment of acute asthma attacks including status asthmaticus.
Int: Aspirin and other NSAIDS, phenobarb, rifampicin
Adr: Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting

Answer 17

Montelukast
Class: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist

**Block leukotriene to prevent inflammation
Dose:Pedia: 4mg 1 tab once daily

Question 18

Brand name: Ectrin®
CI:Hepatic cirrhosis & cystathionine-synthase enzyme deficiency. Phenylketonuria
Int: mifepristone, acetazolamide,warfarin, heparin, corticosteroids prednisone, dichlorphenamide, methotrexate, valproic acid, ginkgo biloba
Adr: Dizziness, fever, confusion, diarrhea, seizures

Answer 18

Erdosteine
Class: mucolytic
Dose: suspension
Susp Adult & childn >30 kg 10 mL bid, 20-30 kg 5 mL tid, 15-19 kg 5 mL bid

Question 19

Brand name:Duavent®
CI:Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any of its components or to atropine or its derivatives
Int: Beta-blockers, Diuretics, MAO Inhibitors, Anticholinergic
Adr: Tachycardia,
Tremors, Headache, Nervousness

Answer 19

Ipratropium( anti choli + Salbutamol (short acting adre)
Class: Combination of adrenergics with anticholinergics
Dose: Adult and Children > 12 years: actuations every 6 hrs.

Question 20

Brand name:Levopront®
CI:Abundant bronchial secretions and impaired bronchial epithelial cilia (Kartagener syndrome, ciliary dyskinesia)
Int: CNS Depressant,
MAO Inhibitors
Adr: Dizziness, Drowsiness, Gastrointestinal Disturbances

Answer 20

Levodropropizine
Class: Cough suppressants
Dose: For adults, take the dose of 10 ml syrup x 3 / 24h (keeping at least 6g space). Children with a body weight of 10-20 kg, 3 x 3 ml / 24h; 20-30 kg of syrup 5 ml x 3 / 24h.

Symptomatic relief of cough

Question 21

Brand name:
CI:
Int:
Adr: