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A - Hippo Vids > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

What can you see in Posterior MI?

A

ST depression in V1-V3

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2
Q

RCA supplies what parts of the heart?

A

Inferior, posterior, RV

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3
Q

What are the MC complications of inferior MI?

A

Bradycardia, MC Mobitz type 1 (Wenckebach)

Papillary muscle rupture

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4
Q

Think about RV MI when you see what on EKG?

A 
STE much Higher in Lead III > II
Or
STE in V1 > V2 
Or
STE in V1 with STD in V2
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5
Q

What defines STE?

A

1mm elevation in 2 anatomically contiguous leads

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6
Q

Accelerated Idioventricular rhythm occurs when?

Looks like what?

A

Reperfusion

Slow VTach, HR around 80-90

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7
Q

What is the baseline of the EKG?

A

T to P segments

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8
Q

What are the main associations to think about with HTN emergency?

A 
Aortic dissection
Encephalopathy
Malignant HTN
ACS
Pulmonary edema
Stroke
Renal Failure
Preeclampsia
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9
Q

Labetalol works via what mechanism?

Onset of action, lasts how long?

Do not use when?

A

8x more beta than alpha

5-10 minutes, less than 6 hours

CHF, asthma

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10
Q

Sodium nitroprusside MOA?

Onset of action? Lasts how long?

What SE can it cause?

A

Arterial dilator, reduces afterload

1-2 mins, 1-2 minute half life

CN toxicity, tachycardia

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11
Q

What Abx can cause prolonged QT?

A

Macrolides, FQs

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12
Q

Symptoms and EKG findings of post-MI IV septal rupture?

Time period?

Treatment?

A

Acute SOB, NEW holosystolic murmur at LL sternal border and RL sternal border, EKG —> deep q waves in V1, V2

5-7 days

Nitroprusside

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13
Q

What kind of surgery and what time period makes it an absolute contraindication to thrombolytic treatment?

A

Intracranial or intraspinal surgery within 2 months

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14
Q

What EKG findings make occlusion of the Left Circumflex Artery more likely than RCA in an inferior MI?

A

EKG also shows STE in V4-V6

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15
Q

HTN and loud systolic murmur in young peds patient think what?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

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16
Q

What is the MC type of AAA?

A

Fusiform

17
Q

What is the MC cause of IE in valve replacement pts?

A

S. Aureus if w/in 2 months

Coagulase (-) if after 2 months (s. Epidermidis)

18
Q

What meds are CONTRAINDICATED in peds pts w/SVT?

Why??

A

CCB in less than 1 y/o

Causes irreversible HoTN

19
Q

What heart complications can Paget’s disease of bone cause?

A

AV fistulas in new bone —> lead to high output HF

20
Q

Pt with septal rupture post MI, what is the treatment?

A

Afterload reduction —> use vasodilator

21
Q

Pt with COPD and tachycardia (maybe d/t SVT), VSS who is taking theophylline, what is the immediate treatment?

A

Esmolol

Adenosine does not work bc theophylline is a potent adenosine receptor antagonist

22
Q

Pt with acute-onset HA with tinnitus, right sided Horner’s syndrome most likely has what?

Tx?

A

Carotid artery dissection

Anti-thrombotic therapy

23
Q

What is the MC location for AAA to rupture into?

Most fatal?

A

Retroperitoneum

Intraperitoneum

24
Q

Infant less than 1 week old presents w/lethargy and poor PO intake. VSS: HR 200, RR 50, O2 sat 70%, systolic murmur, pt has what?

Do What?

A

Coarctation of aorta

give PGE to maintain PDA

25
Q

What classes of meds prolong QT?

A

Phenothiazines - compazine, phenergan
5HT3 antagonists - Zofran
Macrolides

26
Q

Pt that has Cardiac tamponade, what is the best initial step in management?

Why?

A

NS IV bolus

Preload dependent to maintain RV pressure

27
Q

What cardiac medicine is contraindicated in pts < 1 year?

Why?

A

CCBs

Cause irreversible HoTN

28
Q

Pt that you are sure has inferior MI, what must you always check for?

If + this means what?

A

Check leads V5, V6

Left-dominant heart therefore LCX Artery

29
Q

What physiologic effects does BiPAP have?

A

Decreases venous return (preload) by increasing intrathoracic pressure

30
Q

What can Paget Disease cause in the heart?

A

Arteriovenous connections in the new bone leading to high output Heart Failure

31
Q

HTN and systolic murmur in a young child (6 yo) think of what?

See what on PE?

A

Coarctation

Brachial-femoral delay

32
Q

What is Anomalous origin of the Left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA)?

Presents when?

A

Blood flows from LCA into PA known as coronary steal

Young infant (4-8 weeks) with sob, paleness that is worse w/feeds

A - Hippo Vids (2 decks)

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