Cardio Flashcards
Symptoms of angina
heavy discomfort in chest, jaw and neck, shoulders or arms
symptoms brought on by exertion
relieved within 5 minutes of rest or GTN
Precipitants of angina
emotion, cold weather, heavy meals
Associated symptoms of angina
dyspnoea
nausea
sweatiness
faintness
Causes of angina
atheroma
rare - anaemia
Investigating angina
bloods - FBC, U+E, LFT, lipids stress echo CXR ECG (exercise) angiography
managing angina
address exacerbating factors
stop smoking, exercise, diet, HTN, diabetes control
75mg aspirin
GTN spray
antianginal medication
beta blocker
CCB
long acting nitrates
surgical therapy angina
PCI - aspirin and clopidogrel
CABG
ACS
NSTEMI, STEMI and unstable angina
ACS risk factors
male, age, FH
smoking, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, obesity
diagnosing MI
ECG troponin CXR bloods - FBC, U+E, lipids Echo
symptoms of MI
acute central chest pain >20 mins
nausea, sweatiness, dyspnoea, palpitations
MI differential diagnosis
stable angina pericarditis myocarditis aortic dissection GORD pneumothorax
managing ACS
mona
antiplatelets, anticoagulate, B blocker, ACEI, high dose statin, PCI, CABG,
What is AF?
irregularly irregular heart rate of 300-600bpm