Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

K Qbank > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

What does the femoral artery become?

A

popliteal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which artery is most injured by posterior dislocation of the knee?

A

popliteal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the popliteal artery branch into?

A

posterior tibial artery and anterior tibial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what causes aortic stenosis in younger patients

A

calcification of the valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what causes a harsh crescendo-decresendo midsystolic murmur that radiates to the neck

A

aortic stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what enzyme is useful to determine if there is heart muscle damage?

A

CK-MB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is CK-MB assocaited with

A

brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is CK-MM associated with

A

skeletal muscle damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens during high intensity static exercise (weight lifting)

A

blood vessels are compressed increasing vascular resitance and decreasing blood flow. Leads to increased cardiac output –> increased MAP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens during dynamic endurance exercise?

A

vascular resistance decreases and blood flow increases due to metabolic vasodilation of the arterioles. Capillary filtration rate can increase downstream, which increases lymph flow from the muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which beta 1 blocker can cause varying degrees of heart block?

A

Atenolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

adverse effects of Beta blockers

A
  • impotence - CV (bradycardia, AV block, HF) - CNS (seizures, sedation) - dyslipidemia - asthma/COPD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Beta 1 selective blockers

A

-acebutolol -atenolol -betaxolol -esmolol -metoprolol (go from A to M, B1 w/first half alphabet)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What 2 diseases cause increased pulse pressure?

A

aortic regurgitation Arteriosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What 2 dieases cause decreased pulse pressure?

A

aortic stenosis mitral stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What disease increases diastolic pressure?

A

mitral stenosis

17
Q

What diseases decrease diastolic pressure?

A

aortic regurgitation PDA

18
Q

Which class of drugs is recommended for treatment of hypertension in diabetic and/or heart failure patients?

A

ACE inhibitors (enalapril, lisinopril, captopril)

19
Q

What can cause an arteriovenous fistuala?

A

formation of a psuedoaneurysm that can erode through the wall

20
Q

What does an arteriovenous fistula do to the return and cardiac output curves?

A
  • shifts the venous return curve to the right and rotates it upward
  • increased cardiac output, but the curve doesn’t change - arterial pressure is increased but TPR is decreased
21
Q

What are two classic risk factors for the development of a pulmonary embolus?

A
  1. hip fracture
  2. prolonged bed rest
22
Q

Presents 4-8 weeks post MI and results from a large anterior or anteriorseptal defect. Complications include arrythmias, thromboembolism, and congestive heart failure.

A

Ventricular aneurysm

23
Q

What beta blockers have intrisinc sympathomimetic activity and SHOULD NOT be used in patients with angina?

A
  • Pindolol
  • Acebutolol

They increase the HR and don’t reduce the myocardial oxygen demand.

24
Q

What is the most common cause of death within 24-48 hours following an MI?

25
Q

What is associated with weak peripheral pulses?

A

aortic stenosis

26
Q

What is being measured when a pulmonary wedge cathetere is

  • A - inflated
  • B- deflated
A
  • A = inflated is measuring left atrial pressure
  • B=deflated is measuring pulmonary artery pressure (25/8)
27
Q

What can cause chest pain that is NOT relieved by nitroglycerin and shows NO elevated troponin or CK-MB. However, there may be ST depression.

A

Acute coronary syndrome caused by thrombus of a coronary artery

28
Q

What pathological changes are seen with stable angina?

A
  • loss of myocytes with fibrosis
  • vacuolization of the myocytes in the subendocardium
29
Q

What is the physiology behind coarctation of the aorta?

A
  • Coarctation lowers renal artery pressure –> wall stress is reduced –> less calcium released –> initates renin release & RAAS system active
30
Q

What are the 4 physiological things that occur with cardiogenic shock?

A
  • decreased stroke volume
  • decreased cardiac output
  • increased systemic vascular resistance
  • increased cardiac preload
31
Q

What is characterize by lack of P waves and fluctuating R-R intervals?

A
  • Atrial fibrillation
32
Q

how is atrial fibrillation treated in a person who is over 75 years w/history of atherosclerotic disease?

A
  • use heparin for first few days
  • use warfarin for long term
33
Q

What is the cause of endocardial cushion defects and what disease are they associated with?

A
  • cause = failure of neural crest cells to migrate
  • associated with Down’s syndrome
34
Q

What drug has aldosterone blocking effects in collecting tubule and can cause gynecomastia?

A
  • spironolactone

K Qbank (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions