Cardio 4

Question 1

What are systolic ejection murmurs?

Answer 1

Aortic stenosis
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
pulmonary stenosis
aortic/ pulmonary dilation
malformation of the aortic valve

Question 2

What are holosystolic murmurs?

Answer 2

Mitral regurg
Tricuspid regurg
VSD

Question 3

What is a late systolic murmur?

Answer 3

MV prolapse

Question 4

What are early diastolic murmurs?

Answer 4

aortic regurg/ insufficiency

Pulmonary regurgitation

Question 5

What are mid diastolic murmurs?

Answer 5

mitral stenosis

tricuspid stenosis

Question 6

What are late diastolic murmurs

Answer 6

Mitral stenosis

tricuspid stenosis

Question 7

With what conditions are there continuous murmurs?

Answer 7

PDA
venous hum
Coronary artery fistula
rupture ventricular aneurysm

Question 8

grade of murmur for audible w/o stethoscope

Answer 8

grade 6

Question 9

what grades of murmurs have a thrill?

Answer 9

4-6

Question 10

What will there be with congenital aortic stenosis

Answer 10

Systolic ejection murmur

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 11

what will coartation of the oarta result in

Answer 11

low BPs in the extremity

left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 12

what will pulmonic valve stenosis result in

Answer 12

RVH

systemic ejection murmur at LLsternal border

Question 13

what will tetraology of fallot result in

Answer 13

cyanotic
club fingers
RVH

Question 14

what will a ASD result in?

Answer 14

A fib
RBBB
percutnaeous closure

Question 15

What will VSD result in?

Answer 15

right heart failure

bacteria endocarditis

Question 16

syndrome that can be as a result of a ASD, VSD and causes right heart enlargement/ failure and pulmonary HTN. Turns into a right to left shunt

Answer 16

eisenmenger’s syndrome

Question 17

a congenital heart defect in which the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve is displaced towards the apex of the right ventricle of the heart.

Answer 17

Ebstein’s

Question 18

4 things with tetraology of fallot

Answer 18

pulmonary stenosis
right ventricular hypertrophy
displacement of the aorta
VSD

Question 19

grace period to treat strep before it can become more systemic

Answer 19

2 weeks

Question 20

what criteria is used for group A beta hemolytic strep

Answer 20

jones

Question 21

what is the primary reason to treat strep?

Answer 21

rheumatic valvular disease

mitra valvue stenosis or regurg

Question 22

initially with rheumatic valvular dz what will someone ahve?

Answer 22

pancarditis

Question 23

when will rheumatic valvular dz evolve into a damaged valve?

Answer 23

after 10-15 years

Question 24

what are people w/ rheumatic valvular dz at risk for ?

Answer 24

recurrent rheumatic fever and bacterial endocarditis

Question 25

Most common of valvular disorders

Answer 25

prolapse mitral valve

Question 26

who is a prolapsed mitral valve more common in?

Answer 26

women

Question 27

what type inheritance does a prolapse mitral valve have?

Answer 27

autosomal dominant

Question 28

symptoms of mitral valve prolapse

Answer 28

may have no symptoms at all or have chest pressure, palipitations, dizziness, anxiety

Question 29

what allows the leaflets to bulge up w/ prolapse mitral valve

Answer 29

Elongated chordae allow leaflets to bulge up

Question 30

who is at risk for bacterial endocarditis

Answer 30

Hx of congenital or rheumatic heart disease
Cardiac murmur, prosthetic valve
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, valvular calcif
True MV Prolapse with regurgitation

Question 31

management of PAD

Answer 31

*Smoking Cessation
Exercise (Hyperbaric Oxygen possible)
Foot/Ulcer Care, Antiplatelet drugs
Aggressive Rx Hyperlipidemia (statins)
Weight Reduction, Control DM, HTN
Percutan Angioplasty & Stenting, Atherectomy
Arterial Bypass/Graft