Cardio 4 Flashcards
What are systolic ejection murmurs?
Aortic stenosis hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pulmonary stenosis aortic/ pulmonary dilation malformation of the aortic valve
What are holosystolic murmurs?
Mitral regurg
Tricuspid regurg
VSD
What is a late systolic murmur?
MV prolapse
What are early diastolic murmurs?
aortic regurg/ insufficiency
Pulmonary regurgitation
What are mid diastolic murmurs?
mitral stenosis
tricuspid stenosis
What are late diastolic murmurs
Mitral stenosis
tricuspid stenosis
With what conditions are there continuous murmurs?
PDA
venous hum
Coronary artery fistula
rupture ventricular aneurysm
grade of murmur for audible w/o stethoscope
grade 6
what grades of murmurs have a thrill?
4-6
What will there be with congenital aortic stenosis
Systolic ejection murmur
Left ventricular hypertrophy
what will coartation of the oarta result in
low BPs in the extremity
left ventricular hypertrophy
what will pulmonic valve stenosis result in
RVH
systemic ejection murmur at LLsternal border
what will tetraology of fallot result in
cyanotic
club fingers
RVH
what will a ASD result in?
A fib
RBBB
percutnaeous closure
What will VSD result in?
right heart failure
bacteria endocarditis
syndrome that can be as a result of a ASD, VSD and causes right heart enlargement/ failure and pulmonary HTN. Turns into a right to left shunt
eisenmenger’s syndrome
a congenital heart defect in which the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve is displaced towards the apex of the right ventricle of the heart.
Ebstein’s
4 things with tetraology of fallot
pulmonary stenosis
right ventricular hypertrophy
displacement of the aorta
VSD
grace period to treat strep before it can become more systemic
2 weeks
what criteria is used for group A beta hemolytic strep
jones
what is the primary reason to treat strep?
rheumatic valvular disease
mitra valvue stenosis or regurg
initially with rheumatic valvular dz what will someone ahve?
pancarditis
when will rheumatic valvular dz evolve into a damaged valve?
after 10-15 years
what are people w/ rheumatic valvular dz at risk for ?
recurrent rheumatic fever and bacterial endocarditis
Most common of valvular disorders
prolapse mitral valve
who is a prolapsed mitral valve more common in?
women
what type inheritance does a prolapse mitral valve have?
autosomal dominant
symptoms of mitral valve prolapse
may have no symptoms at all or have chest pressure, palipitations, dizziness, anxiety
what allows the leaflets to bulge up w/ prolapse mitral valve
Elongated chordae allow leaflets to bulge up
who is at risk for bacterial endocarditis
Hx of congenital or rheumatic heart disease
Cardiac murmur, prosthetic valve
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, valvular calcif
True MV Prolapse with regurgitation
management of PAD
*Smoking Cessation Exercise (Hyperbaric Oxygen possible) Foot/Ulcer Care, Antiplatelet drugs Aggressive Rx Hyperlipidemia (statins) Weight Reduction, Control DM, HTN Percutan Angioplasty & Stenting, Atherectomy Arterial Bypass/Graft
