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Cardio 3 - Category to Generic Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pharmacologic category of mirtazapine?

A

Alpha2 antagonist

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2
Q

What is the brand name of mirtazapine?

A

Remeron

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3
Q

What is a common indication for mirtazapine?

A

MDD

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4
Q

What are key side effects of mirtazapine?

A

Drowsiness, weight gain, xerostomia, increased appetite, constipation

US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults

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5
Q

What is the pharmacologic category of bupropion?

A

Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor

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6
Q

What are the brand names of bupropion?

A

Wellbutrin SR, Wellbutrin XL

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7
Q

What is a common indication for bupropion?

A

MDD

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8
Q

What are key side effects of bupropion?

A

Tachycardia, headache, agitation, dizziness, insomnia, weight loss

US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults; serious neuropsychiatric reactions have occurred. Other Notes: use may increase risk of seizures (CI in patients with seizure disorders and/or eating disorders)

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9
Q

What is the pharmacologic category of atomoxetine?

A

Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

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10
Q

What is the brand name of atomoxetine?

A

Strattera

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11
Q

What is a common indication for atomoxetine?

A

ADHD

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12
Q

What are key side effects of atomoxetine?

A

Hypertension, tachycardia, headache, xerostomia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, decreased appetite, insomnia

US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal ideation in children or adolescents. Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly.

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13
Q

What is the pharmacologic category of desvenlafaxine?

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)

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14
Q

What is the brand name of desvenlafaxine?

A

Pristiq

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15
Q

What is a common indication for desvenlafaxine?

A

MDD

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16
Q

What are key side effects of desvenlafaxine?

A

Headache, xerostomia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, decreased appetite, insomnia

US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults. Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly.

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17
Q

What is the pharmacologic category of duloxetine?

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)

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18
Q

What is the brand name of duloxetine?

A

Cymbalta

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19
Q

What is the pharmacologic category of venlafaxine?

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)

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20
Q

What are the brand names of venlafaxine?

A

Effexor, Effexor XR

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21
Q

What is the pharmacologic category of citalopram?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)

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22
Q

What is the brand name of citalopram?

A

Celexa

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23
Q

What is a common indication for citalopram?

A

MDD

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24
Q

What are key side effects of citalopram?

A

Drowsiness, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, xerostomia, sexual dysfunction, headache

US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults. Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly.

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25
What is the pharmacologic category of trazodone?
Serotonin reuptake inhibitor
26
What is the brand name of trazodone?
Desyrel
27
What are common indications for trazodone?
Insomnia, MDD
28
What are key side effects of trazodone?
Sedation, headache, dizziness, dry mouth, nausea ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: antidepressants increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults.
29
What is the pharmacologic category of vilazodone?
SSRI / 5-HT1a partial agonist
30
What is the brand name of vilazodone?
Viibryd
31
What is a common indication for vilazodone?
MDD
32
What are key side effects of vilazodone?
Headache, diarrhea, nausea, dizziness, insomnia ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults.
33
What is the pharmacologic category of amitriptyline?
Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)
34
What is the brand name of amitriptyline?
Elavil
35
What are common indications for amitriptyline?
MDD, diabetic neuropathy, migraine prophylaxis
36
What are key side effects of amitriptyline?
Dizziness, drowsiness, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults. Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI; do not discontinue abruptly.
37
What is the pharmacologic category of benztropine?
Anticholinergic
38
What is the brand name of benztropine?
Cogentin
39
What is a common indication for benztropine?
Drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms
40
What are key side effects of benztropine?
Blurred vision, confusion, constipation, dry mouth, sedation, urinary retention
41
What is the pharmacologic category of dexmethylphenidate?
CNS stimulant
42
What is the brand name of dexmethylphenidate?
Focalin XR
43
What is a common indication for dexmethylphenidate?
ADHD
44
What are key side effects of dexmethylphenidate?
Insomnia, headache, anxiety, weight loss, decreased appetite, hypertension ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: high potential for abuse.
45
What is the pharmacologic category of pramipexole?
Dopamine agonist
46
What is the brand name of pramipexole?
Mirapex
47
What are common indications for pramipexole?
Parkinson's disease, RLS
48
What are key side effects of pramipexole?
Nausea, hallucinations, dizziness, drowsiness, compulsive behaviors
49
What is the pharmacologic category of carbidopa and levodopa?
Decarboxylase inhibitor (carbidopa), dopamine precursor (levodopa)
50
What are the brand names of carbidopa and levodopa?
Sinemet, Sinemet CR
51
What is a common indication for carbidopa and levodopa?
Parkinson's disease
52
What are key side effects of carbidopa and levodopa?
Nausea, orthostatic hypotension, dyskinesias ## Footnote Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI, CI in narrow-angle glaucoma.
53
What is the pharmacologic category of memantine?
N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist
54
What is the brand name of memantine?
Namenda
55
What is a common indication for memantine?
Dementia
56
What are key side effects of memantine?
Constipation, confusion, dizziness, headache
57
What is the pharmacologic category of donepezil?
Cholinesterase inhibitor
58
What is the brand name of donepezil?
Aricept
59
What is a common indication for donepezil?
Dementia
60
What are key side effects of donepezil?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
61
What is the pharmacologic category of lithium?
Antimanic agent
62
What is the brand name of lithium?
Lithobid
63
What is a common indication for lithium?
Bipolar disorder
64
What are key side effects of lithium?
Tremor, acne, hypothyroidism, weight gain, polyuria, polydipsia ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: ability to promptly monitor levels is necessary. Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended).
65
What is the pharmacologic category of sumatriptan?
Antimigraine
66
What are the routes of administration for sumatriptan?
PO, intranasal, SQ
67
What is the brand name of sumatriptan?
Imitrex
68
What is a common indication for sumatriptan?
Migraine
69
What are key side effects of sumatriptan?
Fatigue, somnolence, dizziness, chest tightness ## Footnote Other Notes: CI in ischemic heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, peripheral vascular disease, and uncontrolled hypertension.
70
What is the pharmacologic category of haloperidol?
First-generation antipsychotic
71
What are the routes of administration for haloperidol?
PO, IV, IM
72
What is the brand name of haloperidol?
Haldol
73
What is a common indication for haloperidol?
Schizophrenia
74
What are key side effects of haloperidol?
Sedation, EPS, parkinsonism, xerostomia, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, QTc prolongation ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death.
75
What is the pharmacologic category of clozapine?
Second-generation antipsychotic
76
What is the brand name of clozapine?
Clozaril
77
What is a common indication for clozapine?
Treatment-resistant schizophrenia
78
What are key side effects of clozapine?
Sedation, xerostomia, urinary retention, constipation, orthostatic hypotension, sialorrhea, hyperglycemia, weight gain ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: may cause severe neutropenia; may cause orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, and syncope; may cause seizures; may cause fatal myocarditis and cardiomyopathy; elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death. Other Notes: risk of neutropenia requires monitoring of absolute neutrophil count (ANC) to receive prescription.
79
What is the pharmacologic category of aripiprazole?
Second-generation antipsychotic
80
What are the routes of administration for aripiprazole?
PO, IM
81
What is the brand name of aripiprazole?
Abilify
82
What are common indications for aripiprazole?
Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, MDD (adjunct to antidepressants)
83
What are key side effects of aripiprazole?
Sedation, EPS, xerostomia, urinary retention, constipation, orthostatic hypotension ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: antidepressants increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents and young adults; elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death.
84
What is the pharmacologic category of carbamazepine?
Anticonvulsant
85
What is the brand name of carbamazepine?
Tegretol
86
What are common indications for carbamazepine?
Seizure disorders, bipolar disorder
87
What are key side effects of carbamazepine?
Dizziness, drowsiness, headache, ataxia, nausea, vomiting, hyponatremia ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: risk of serious dermatologic reactions (including SJS and TEN) in patients with certain genetic predisposition; may cause aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis.
88
What is the pharmacologic category of lamotrigine?
Anticonvulsant
89
What is the brand name of lamotrigine?
Lamictal
90
What are common indications for lamotrigine?
Seizure disorders, bipolar disorder
91
What are key side effects of lamotrigine?
Nausea, vomiting, somnolence, skin rash ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: risk of serious dermatologic reactions, including SJS.
92
What is the pharmacologic category of divalproex?
Valproic acid derivative
93
What are the brand names of divalproex?
Depakote, Depakote ER, Depakene
94
What are common indications for divalproex?
Seizure disorders, bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis
95
What are key side effects of divalproex?
Drowsiness, weight gain, tremor, hair loss, thrombocytopenia ## Footnote US Boxed Warnings: may cause fatal hepatic failure; may cause life-threatening pancreatitis; fetal toxicity.
96
What is the pharmacologic category of topiramate?
Anticonvulsant
97
What is the brand name of topiramate?
Topamax
98
What are common indications for topiramate?
Seizure disorders, migraine prophylaxis
99
What are key side effects of topiramate?
Somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, ataxia, memory impairment, weight loss
100
What is the pharmacologic category of levetiracetam?
Anticonvulsant
101
What are the routes of administration for levetiracetam?
PO, IV
102
What is the brand name of levetiracetam?
Keppra
103
What is a common indication for levetiracetam?
Seizure disorders
104
What are key side effects of levetiracetam?
Somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, weakness
105
What is the pharmacologic category of oxcarbazepine?
Anticonvulsant
106
What is the brand name of oxcarbazepine?
Trileptal
107
What are key side effects of oxcarbazepine?
Somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, weakness, hyponatremia
108
What is the pharmacologic category of phenobarbital?
Anticonvulsant
109
What are the routes of administration for phenobarbital?
PO, IM, IV
110
What are key side effects of phenobarbital?
Somnolence, dizziness, risk of SJS
111
What is the pharmacologic category of phenytoin?
Anticonvulsant
112
What is the brand name of phenytoin?
Dilantin
113
What are key side effects of phenytoin?
Somnolence, dizziness, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, risk of SJS ## Footnote US Boxed Warning: cardiovascular risk with rapid infusion. Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended).
114
What is the pharmacologic category of gabapentin?
Anticonvulsant
115
What is the brand name of gabapentin?
Neurontin
116
What are common indications for gabapentin?
Seizure disorders, neuropathic pain
117
What are key side effects of gabapentin?
Somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, fatigue, diplopia, xerostomia, blurry vision
118
What is the pharmacologic category of pregabalin?
Anticonvulsant
119
What is the brand name of pregabalin?
Lyrica
120
What is the pharmacologic category of buspirone?
Antianxiety agent
121
What is the brand name of buspirone?
Buspar
122
What is a common indication for buspirone?
Anxiety
123
What are key side effects of buspirone?
Dizziness, drowsiness, nausea
124
What is the pharmacologic category of alprazolam?
Benzodiazepine
125
What is the brand name of alprazolam?
Xanax
126
What is a common indication for alprazolam?
Anxiety
127
What are key side effects of alprazolam?
Daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal ## Footnote US Boxed Warning: risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions. Other Notes (lorazepam IV only): parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours.
128
What is the pharmacologic category of clonazepam?
Benzodiazepine
129
What is the brand name of clonazepam?
Klonopin
130
What are common indications for clonazepam?
Anxiety, seizure disorders
131
What is the pharmacologic category of diazepam?
Benzodiazepine
132
What are the routes of administration for diazepam?
PO, IV
133
What is the brand name of diazepam?
Valium
134
What are common indications for diazepam?
Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal
135
What is the pharmacologic category of lorazepam?
Benzodiazepine
136
What are the routes of administration for lorazepam?
PO, IV
137
What is the brand name of lorazepam?
Ativan
138
What are common indications for lorazepam?
Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal
139
What is the pharmacologic category of midazolam?
Benzodiazepine
140
What are the routes of administration for midazolam?
IV, IM
141
What is the brand name of midazolam?
Versed
142
What are common indications for midazolam?
Anesthesia, sedation
143
What is the pharmacologic category of temazepam?
Benzodiazepine
144
What is the brand name of temazepam?
Restoril
145
What are common indications for temazepam?
Insomnia
146
What is clonazepam used for?
Anxiety, seizure disorders
147
What is the brand name for diazepam?
Valium ## Footnote Used for anxiety, seizure disorders, and acute alcohol withdrawal.
148
What is the brand name for lorazepam?
Ativan ## Footnote Used for anxiety, seizure disorders, and acute alcohol withdrawal.
149
What is midazolam used for?
Anesthesia, sedation
150
What is the brand name for temazepam?
Restoril ## Footnote Used for anxiety and insomnia.
151
What is eszopiclone used for?
Insomnia ## Footnote Key Side Effects: decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, dysgeusia. US Boxed Warning: serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors.
152
What is zolpidem used for?
Insomnia ## Footnote Key Side Effects: decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, anterograde amnesia. US Boxed Warning: serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors.
153
What is propofol used for?
Sedation for mechanical ventilation, procedural anesthesia, status epilepticus ## Footnote Key Side Effects: hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, propofol-related infusion syndrome (rare).
154
What is dexmedetomidine used for?
Sedation for mechanical ventilation or procedures ## Footnote Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension.
155
What is beclomethasone used for?
Asthma, COPD ## Footnote Key Side Effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat. Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection.
156
What is the brand name for budesonide?
Pulmicort
157
What is fluticasone propionate used for?
Asthma, COPD
158
What is fluticasone and salmeterol used for?
Asthma, COPD ## Footnote Key Side Effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat. Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection.
159
What is the brand name for budesonide and formoterol?
Symbicort
160
What is the brand name for mometasone and formoterol?
Dulera
161
What is tiotropium used for?
Asthma, COPD ## Footnote Key Side Effects: xerostomia.
162
What is theophylline used for?
Asthma, COPD ## Footnote Key Side Effects: tachycardia, headache, nausea, insomnia, tremor. Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug.
163
What is albuterol used for?
Asthma, COPD ## Footnote Key Side Effects: tremor, tachycardia, nervousness, excitement.
164
What is levalbuterol used for?
Asthma
165
What is ipratropium used for?
COPD ## Footnote Key Side Effects: xerostomia, nausea, dysgeusia.
166
What is montelukast used for?
Allergic rhinitis, asthma ## Footnote Key Side Effects: headache. US Boxed Warning: risk of serious neuropsychiatric effects.
167
What is varenicline used for?
Smoking cessation ## Footnote Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, abnormal dreams, headache, insomnia, irritability.
168
What is the combination product ipratropium and albuterol used for?
See individual drug components.
169
What is tizanidine used for?
Spasticity ## Footnote Key Side Effects: drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, weakness.
170
What is hydroxychloroquine used for?
RA, SLE, malaria ## Footnote Key Side Effects: retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea.
171
What is colchicine used for?
Gout ## Footnote Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy.
172
What is diclofenac used for?
OA, RA, acute pain ## Footnote Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea.
173
What is the brand name for ibuprofen?
Motrin, Advil
174
What is meloxicam used for?
OA, RA, acute pain
175
What is indomethacin used for?
OA, RA, acute pain, gout
176
What is the brand name for naproxen?
Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve
177
What is ketorolac used for?
Pain
178
What is celecoxib used for?
OA, RA, acute pain
179
What is diclofenac topical used for?
OA ## Footnote Key Side Effects: pruritus, rash.
180
What is cyclobenzaprine used for?
Muscle spasm ## Footnote Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue.
181
What is baclofen used for?
Spasticity ## Footnote Key Side Effects: drowsiness.
182
What is carisoprodol used for?
Muscle spasm
183
What is methocarbamol used for?
184
What is metaxalone used for?
185
What is lidocaine used for?
Transdermal: pain, IV: ventricular arrhythmias ## Footnote Key Side Effects (transdermal): dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema.
186
What is allopurinol used for?
Gout ## Footnote Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
187
What is succinylcholine used for?
Neuromuscular blockade for intubation or procedures ## Footnote Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare).

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