Cardio Flashcards
Name the vessel - thick walled, extensive elastic and smooth muscle, under high pressure
Arteries
Name the vessel - site of highest resistance in the cardiovascular system
Arterioles
Name the vessel - largest total cross sectional and surface area
Capillaries
Name the vessel - low pressure, highest proportion of blood in the cardiovascular system
Veins
Express velocity as an equation
V = Q/A
Express blood flow as an equation
Q = delta P/ R OR CO = MAP - RAP / TPR
What drives blood flow?
pressure gradient - flows from high pressure to low pressure
Poiseuille’s Equation
R = 8nl / pie r^4
systemic circulation illustrates what type of resistance?
parallel resistance (1/Rtotal = 1/Ra + 1/Rb + ….. 1/Rn)
Arteries added in parallel causes total resistance to….
decrease
arrangement of blood vessels within an organ illustrates what type of resistance?
series resistance (R total = R artery + R arterioles + R capillaries)
What is the same in each parallel artery?
pressure
Each blood vessel or set of blood vessels in series receives the ________ amount of total blood flow
same
What does Reynold’s number predict?
whether blood flow will be laminar or turbulent
Velocity of blood is ___ at the wall of a vessel and highest at the _____ of the vessel
0; center
Shear is highest at the _____ of the blood vessel
wall
Compliance is inversely related to _____
elastance (higher elastance = lower compliance)
Express compliance as an equation
C = V/P
Compliance is greatest for what type of vessels?
Veins
What happens to pressure as blood flows through the systemic circulation?
pressure decreases progressively b/c of the resistance to blood flow
The largest decrease in pressure occurs across which vessels?
Arterioles (b/c they have the highest resistance; recall Q = delta P / R)
Pulse pressure is defined as
Systolic pressure - diastolic pressure
The most important determinant of pulse pressure is ?
Stroke volume
Define Mean arterial pressure
average arterial pressure with respect to time (MAP = diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure)