cardio Flashcards
Wide pulse pressure is characteristic of?
Aortic regurgitation
Split S2 is characteristic of?
mitral regurgitation
Most common cuase of aortic regurgitation?
Rheumatic fever
Ischaemic changes in leads 2, 3 and aVF would most likely be caused by lesions of the?
Right coronary artery
Ischaemic chnages in lead v1-v4 would be most likely caused by a lesion of the?
LAD
Ischaemic changes in leads 1, avL, V5 and V6 would most liekly be caused by a lesion of the?
Left circumflex
Mid-late diastolic murmur, rumbling in character is associated with which valve?
Mitral stenosis
Early diastolic murmur, high pitched and blowing in character is associated with?
Aortic regurgitation
Aortic stenosis is louder on expiration or inspiration?
Expiration
Pulmonary stenosis is louder on expiration or inspiration?
Inspiration
What organism can cause infective endocarditis when a patient has no past med history?
Staphylococcus aureus
What organism can cause infective endocarditis when a patient has an indwelling line or had prosthetic valve surgery?
Staphylococcus epidermis
NSTEMI medication?
Dual antiplatelet therapy, ACEI, beta blocker, statin
Aspirin, Tricagrelor (if not bleed risk), Rampiril, bisoprolol, atorvastatin
Clopidogrel is high bleed risk
Patient with heart failure and breathlessness- mediction to alleviate SOB?
Glyceryl trinitrate
Patient presents with AF what is the appropriate next step management?
ORBIT bleeding risk tool
CHA2DS2-VASc tool- stroke risk to detemrine if anticoagulation is needed
If not neeeded do Echo to check for valvular disease
If needed give DOAC e.g. apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban
Warfarin is 2nd line
Which vaccine should be offered annually for all patients with heart failure?
Flu
1st line treatment for patient with heart failure?
ACE-inhibitor e.g. ramipril and beta-blocker e.g. bisoprolol
A drug that has only been demonstrated to improve mortality in patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure who are already taking an ACE inhibitor
Sprionolactone
Most common chnage in PE on ECG?
Sinus tachycardia
If acute heart failure is not responding to treatment what intervention should be considered?
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
Which valve is most commonly affected by infective endocarditis in IV drug users?
Tricuspid valve
