cardio

Question 1

Wide pulse pressure is characteristic of?

Answer 1

Aortic regurgitation

Question 2

Split S2 is characteristic of?

Answer 2

mitral regurgitation

Question 3

Most common cuase of aortic regurgitation?

Answer 3

Rheumatic fever

Question 4

Ischaemic changes in leads 2, 3 and aVF would most likely be caused by lesions of the?

Answer 4

Right coronary artery

Question 5

Ischaemic chnages in lead v1-v4 would be most likely caused by a lesion of the?

Answer 5

LAD

Question 6

Ischaemic changes in leads 1, avL, V5 and V6 would most liekly be caused by a lesion of the?

Answer 6

Left circumflex

Question 7

Mid-late diastolic murmur, rumbling in character is associated with which valve?

Answer 7

Mitral stenosis

Question 8

Early diastolic murmur, high pitched and blowing in character is associated with?

Answer 8

Aortic regurgitation

Question 9

Aortic stenosis is louder on expiration or inspiration?

Answer 9

Expiration

Question 10

Pulmonary stenosis is louder on expiration or inspiration?

Answer 10

Inspiration

Question 11

What organism can cause infective endocarditis when a patient has no past med history?

Answer 11

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 12

What organism can cause infective endocarditis when a patient has an indwelling line or had prosthetic valve surgery?

Answer 12

Staphylococcus epidermis

Question 13

NSTEMI medication?

Answer 13

Dual antiplatelet therapy, ACEI, beta blocker, statin
Aspirin, Tricagrelor (if not bleed risk), Rampiril, bisoprolol, atorvastatin

Clopidogrel is high bleed risk

Question 14

Patient with heart failure and breathlessness- mediction to alleviate SOB?

Answer 14

Glyceryl trinitrate

Question 15

Patient presents with AF what is the appropriate next step management?

Answer 15

ORBIT bleeding risk tool
CHA2DS2-VASc tool- stroke risk to detemrine if anticoagulation is needed

If not neeeded do Echo to check for valvular disease
If needed give DOAC e.g. apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban
Warfarin is 2nd line

Question 16

Which vaccine should be offered annually for all patients with heart failure?

Answer 16

Flu

Question 17

1st line treatment for patient with heart failure?

Answer 17

ACE-inhibitor e.g. ramipril and beta-blocker e.g. bisoprolol

Question 18

A drug that has only been demonstrated to improve mortality in patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure who are already taking an ACE inhibitor

Answer 18

Sprionolactone

Question 19

Most common chnage in PE on ECG?

Answer 19

Sinus tachycardia

Question 20

If acute heart failure is not responding to treatment what intervention should be considered?

Answer 20

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Question 21

Which valve is most commonly affected by infective endocarditis in IV drug users?

Answer 21

Tricuspid valve