Cardio Flashcards
Loud First Heart Sound
Mitral Stenosis
Tricuspid Stenosis
Tachycardia
Hyperdynamic Circulation
Soft First Heart Sound
Mitral regurgitation
Calcified Mitral Valve
Left Bundle Branch Block
First Degree Heart Block
Loud A2
Aortic Stenosis
Hypertension
Normal Second Heart Sound Splitting
Wider on inspiration
Soft A2
Calcified Aortic valve
Aortic Regurgitation
Soft/Loud P2
Loud - Pulmonary Hypertension
Soft - Pulmonary Stenosis
Increased Normal Second Heart Sound Splitting
Wider on inspiration
Right Bundle Branch Block
Pulmonary Stenosis
Ventricular Septal Defect
Mitral Regurgitation (Early A2)
Fixed Splitting of Second Heart Sound
Atrial Septal Defect
Reversed Splitting of Second Heart Sound
Left Bundle Branch Block
Aortic Stenosis (Severe)
Coarctation of aorta
Patent Ductus arteriosus
Third Heart Sound Causes
Due to tautening of mitral/tricuspid cusps at end of rapid diastolic filling
LV (Louder at apex and on expiration)
- Physiological (Under 40 or during pregnancy)
- Left ventricular Failure
- Aortic Regurgitation
- Mitral Regurgitation
- VSD
- PDA
RV (Louder at Left sternal Edge and on inspiration)
- Right Ventricular Failure
- Constrictive pericarditis
Fourth Heart Sound Causes
High Atrial pressure wave from poorly compliant ventricle
Left Ventricular Fourth Heart Sound
- Aortic Stenosis
- Acute MR
- Systemic Hypertension
- IHD
- HCM
Right Ventricular Fourth Heart Sound
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Pulmonary Stenosis
Types of Systolic Murmur
Pansystolic
Early Systolic
Mid Systolic
Late Systolic
Early-Diastolic
Presystolic
Continuous
Pansystolic Murmur
Mitral Regurgitation
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Ventricular Septal Defect
Aortopulmonary Shunts
Midsystolic Murmur
Aortic Stenosis
Pulmonary Stenosis
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Pulmonary Flow Murmur of ASD
Early Systolic Murmur
Ventricular Septal Defect (Very small or very large with pulmonary Hypertension)
Acute Mitral Regurgitation
Tricuspid Regurgitation
