Cardio 1 Flashcards
role of circulatory system
primary: distribute dissolved gases and other molecules for nutrition, growth and repair, and removing cell waste
systemic circuit
left ventricle to right atrium
- blood is pumped from left ventricle out to the aorta and rest of body
- blood goes through capillaries
- deoxygenated blood goes back up through the superior and inferior vena cava into the right atrium
pulmonary circuit
right ventricle to left atrium
- deoxygenated blood goes out the pulmonary arteries to the lungs
- oxygenated blood comes back to the lungs via pulmonary veins and into the left atrium
blood pressure as it flows down the body (highest to lowest)
aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, venae cava
-pressure lost due to friction
how does blood flow
from higher pressure to lower pressure regions
how are blood flow and pressure gradient related
flow is directly proportional to the pressure gradient (change in P)
change in P = P1-P2 (highest pressure minus lowest pressure)
flow and resistance
flow is inversley proportional to resistance
- friction opposes flow as blood moves down
main determinant on of resistance
vessel radius
hydrostatic pressure
pressure of fluid when not moving and force is equal in all directions
what parameters determine resistance
poiseuille’s law variables
Heart valves
Artioventricular (AV) - allow blood to flow from atria to ventricles (attached to papillary muscle by chordae tendineae
- RST - right side tricuspid
- LV mitral valve - bicuspid
Semilunar valves - one way valves between ventricle and outflow artery (no tendond bc of shape)
- LV to aorta - aortic valve
- RV to pumonary artery - pulmonary valve
Cardiac conduction
SA node, internodal pathway, AV node (there is a delay here to allow atria to finish contracting before ventricles contract), AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
P wave
atrial depolarization
P-Q segment
atria contract; time the signals travel from SA to AV node
Q wave
depolarization of septum
