Cardinal manifestations of cardiovascular disease

Question 1

Difficulty in breathing when lying on one’s side

a. Orthopnea
b. Trepopnea
c. Bendopnea
d. Platypnea

Answer 1

D

Orthopnea is shortness of breath when supine. Bendopnea is shortness of breath when bending forward. Platypnea is shortness of breath when sitting or standing.

Question 2

Cause of descending edema

a. Renal problem
b. Hepatic problem
c. Heart disease
d. Pulmonary Edema

Answer 2

A

Hepatic is central edema. Heart disease is ascending edema.

Question 3

Feature of true claudication

a. Occurs during walking
b. Associated with weakness
c. Relieved by standing still
d. Caused by occlusive peripheral arterial disease

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which causes descending edema?
A. Renal disease
B. Hepatic diseases
C. Cardiac disease
D. Pulmonary problems

Answer 4

A

Question 5

To observe for carotid pulsations, place your thumb at or below the level of
A. Thyroid cartilage
B. Cricoid cartilage
C. Cricothyroid muscle
D. Hyoid bone

Answer 5

B