Cardiac Symptoms

Question 0

Fast Full Vasodilated

Answer 0

Mitral regurg

Question 1

Fast Full Tight

Answer 1

Cardiac tamponade

Question 2

Ortners syndrome

Answer 2

Mitral stenosis

Question 3

P mitrale

Answer 3

Mitral stenosis

Question 4

Angina, dyspnea, syncope

Answer 4

Aortic stenosis

Question 5

Systolic murmur 2nd ICS

Answer 5

Aortic stenosis

Question 6

SVT associated with

Answer 6

Mitral prolapse

Question 7

Large v wave

Answer 7

Tricuspid & mitral regurg

Question 8

BNP

Answer 8

B- type Natrietic Peptide

A bio marker for CHF

Question 9

Values for BNP

Answer 9

< 100 pg/ml ———CHF highly unlikely
100-500————–intermediate probability of CHF
>500——————CHF highly likely

Question 10

Natrecor

Answer 10

Synthetic recombinant BNP that is helpful in treating CHF

Question 11

stages of CHF classification & treatment

Answer 11

Stage A: high risk no s/s
Stage B: structural heart disease but without CHF s/s
Stage C: structural + prior or recurrent symptoms of CHF
Stage D: refractory HF requiring specialized interventions
A-C : treat/improve quality of life

Question 12

First line of treatment of CHF

Answer 12

Ace inhibitors

Question 13

Standard treatment for CHF

Answer 13

Beta blockers
Angiotensin receptor blockers
Aldasterone antagonist - watch for K level
Diuretics
Digitalis

Question 14

First sign of artherosclerosis

Answer 14

Fatty streak

Cholesterol meds inhibit from getting worse

Question 15

Most common cause of CAD & MI

Answer 15

Plaque, tunica intima stiffens & thickens

Question 16

What do damage cells release

Answer 16

T lymphocytes - monocytes, adhere to endothelium - inflammation & oxidation

Question 17

Prognosis of CAD is determined by

Answer 17

Number and which specific vessels are diseased

>75% occlusion danger - s/s present

Question 18

What is the cause of angina

Answer 18

Reduced oxygen supply/demand ratio

Question 19

Prinzmetals/variant angina

Answer 19

Vasospastic - due to coronary artery spasm : cause unknown
At rest/exercise
Dysrythmias are common
Smoking inc risk

Question 20

Biomakers for MI

Answer 20

Early : myoglobin, CK MB

Inter/late: troponin, LDL

Question 21

Troponin levels

Answer 21

> 2.5 = significant injury

.5-2 mg/ml = USA, kidney failure

Question 22

Slow, small, well perfused

Answer 22

CAD

Question 23

Arterial oxygen content

Answer 23

Hgb

Sao2