Cardiac Sounds Flashcards
S1 occurs as a result of…
AV valve closure
S2 occurs as a result of…
L ventricle filling/aortic valve closure
S3 is the result of…
L ventricle overload, left ventricular heart failure
S4 occurs due to…
forceful atrial contraction, occurs in late diastole just before S1, associated with increased LV end-diastolic pressure
S4 is typically only heard…
at apex with the bell in the left lateral decubitus position
MVP clinical features
thin, young female; complains of palpitations, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, dizziness
MVP diagnosed by…
maneuvers that decrease venous return, mid-systolic click and/or murmur of MR
Triad of critical aortic stenosis
chest pain, syncope, dyspnea
Lone aortic stenosis in sixth decade of life is most commonly associated with what congenital malformation?
bicuspid valves
tricuspid regurgitation is best heard…
at the LLSB
Tricuspid regurgitation is typically a consequence of…
pulmonary hypertension
Two most common causes of acute aortic regurgitation
endocarditis and aortic dissection
Chronic aortic regurgitation sound
high-pitched, decrescendo aortic diastolic murmur along LSB
Water-hammer pulse
rapid rise and fall with elevated systolic low diastolic pressure
Quincke pulses
pulsatile nail beds
