CARDIAC REHAB

Question 1

Assessment:

Answer 1

History, Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Pulse Oximetry, Auscultation, Laboratory tests i.e. Chest Xrays EKG, cholesterol, echocardiogram, Cardiac Stress Testing: Maximal, Sub Maximal, Fitness Testing

Question 2

Pulse point locations

Answer 2

• Temporal – side of the head
• Carotid – between SCM and trachea
• Axillary – Anterior Armpit
• Radial – radial side of the wrist
• Brachial - in the cubital fossa just medial to the biceps tendon
• Femoral - in the groin area
• Popliteal - behind the knee in the popliteal fossa
• Dorsalis pedis - on top of the foot
• Tibialis posterior - in the back of the ankle behind the medial malleolus

Question 3

Resting HR:

Answer 3

between 60 bpm-100 bpm
Adapts to changes in the body’s need for oxygen (ex: exercise, sleep)
The best time to find out your resting heart rate is in the morning before you get out of bed.
Generally lower in physically fit people and significantly lower in athletes

Question 4

Max:

Answer 4

Conventionally calculated as 220 – age
Theoretical maximum based on age
Can also be determined during a maximal stress test
Used in the calculation of Target Heart Rate Zone (THR zone) for training

Question 5

Blood pressure definition & normal level

Answer 5

measurement of the pressure of blood pushing against the artery walls
90-135 mmHg

Question 6

Pulse oximetry

Answer 6

percentage of hemoglobin (Hgb) which is saturated with oxygen

Question 7

Heart rate assessments

Answer 7

Stress Test, Used to evaluate the heart and vascular system during exercise (AKA load)

Question 8

Sub Maximal Stress Test

Answer 8

Patient exercises only until a pre-determined level of exercise is attained

Question 9

Bruce Protocol:

Answer 9

A common, standardized, multistage graded exercise test for assessing cardiovascular health

Question 10

Maximal Stress Test:

Answer 10

• Should be performed when the goal is to diagnose the presence or absence of coronary artery disease

Question 11

• HRV

Answer 11

The variation of beat-to-beat intervals
* A healthy heart has a large HRV
* Decreased or absent variability may indicate cardiac disease

Question 12

Recovery:

Answer 12

The speed at which one’s heart rate drops upon termination of vigorous exercise can be used as a measurement of fitness
* A drop of less than 12X, a drop of 20 or more is good

Question 13

• HRR

Answer 13

The difference between a person’s resting heart rate and maximum heart rate

Question 14

• V02 Max (definition)

Answer 14

VO2 max = maximum amount of oxygen (in mls), one can use in one minute per kilogram of body weight

Question 15

Rehab-

Answer 15

Supervised program that includes
* Exercise
* lifestyle changes
* Education
* emotional support

Question 16

Ways to grade intensity:

Answer 16

Load- how much force exerting
* Duration- time
* Frequency- how many times a day/week

Question 17

• Perceived Exertion:

Answer 17

How hard you feel your body is working
* Based on the physical sensations a person experiences during physical activity

Question 18

THR: Target heart rate:

Answer 18

A desired range of heart rate reached during aerobic exercise which enables one’s heart and lungs to receive the most benefit from a workout in a safe way

Question 19

• Two ways of calculating:: THR:

Answer 19

• THR = HRmax × %Intensity
• 220-minus your age x .6= 60% intensity
  THR = ((HRmax – HRrest) × %Intensity) + HRrest

Question 20

Zone 1:

Answer 20

Healthy Heart Zone (Very light). to help decrease body fat, blood pressure and cholesterol

Question 21

• Zone 2:

Answer 21

Temperate zone (light): Thought to be the best for physiological adaptations
* Ex: Improve resting heart rate

Question 22

Zone 3:

Answer 22

Aerobic/endurance Zone (moderate)
* Will improve cardiovascular and respiratory system
* Will increase size and strength of the heart
* Preferred zone if training for an endurance event

Question 23

Zone 4:

Answer 23

Anaerobic Zone (hard)
* Improves cardiorespiratory system
* Increases lactate tolerance ability which means endurance will improve and able to fight fatigue better
* High intensity zone burning more food energy but only 15% from fat

Question 24

Zone 5:

Answer 24

Red Line (Maximum)
* Burns the highest amount of calories
* Most people can only stay in this zone for short periods

Question 25

• METs:

Answer 25

Metabolic Equivalent

Question 26

• 1 MET =

Answer 26

• Harder work during the activity = higher MET
• Any activity that burns 3 to 6 METs is considered moderate-intensity physical activity
• Any activity that burns > 6 METs is considered vigorous-intensity physical activity

Question 27

• 1-3 METs:

Answer 27

Walking slowly
* Golf, using powmered cart
* Swimming, slow treading
* Gardening or pruning

Question 28

• 4-6mets:

Answer 28

Walking briskly
* Golf, pulling or carrying clubs
* Swimming, recreational
* Mowing lawn, power motor
* Tennis, doubles

Question 29

• 6+ METS

Answer 29

Race walking, jogging or running
* Swimming laps
* Mowing lawn, hand mower

Question 30

Sternal Precautions:

Answer 30

• Use both of your hands to support your sternum when coughing or sneezing
• May sleep on either side but not your stomach.
• Avoid:
• Using only one arm to push or pull (e.g. using a cane, opening heavy doors, car doors, or pulling handle on chair recliner)
• Lifting, pushing or pulling anything heavier than 5 pounds (e.g. grocery bags, children, garbage or pets)
• Activities reaching behind your back or above your head
• Activities that involve reaching or stretching your arms out to the side
• Vigorous sports/ activities for 3 months, (e.g. golfing, tennis, skiing or swimming)