Cardiac Preweek Flashcards
Nitroglycerin classification
Vasodilator/antiganginal
Direct vasodilator action
Relax vascular smooth muscle, causing vasodilation
Amlodipine (Norvasc) classification
Calcium channel blocker
Isosorbide classification
Vasodilator/Anitaginal
nicardipine (Cardene)
Calcium channel blocker
Vasodilator/antianginal action
Relaxes smooth muscles decreasing preload
Calcium channel blockers action
Block the movement of calcium into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells
What type of diet is generally recommended for cardiac patients?
Low fat, high fiber
If fluid retention accompanies the cardiac problem, the health care provider may prescribe restriction of sodium to approximately how many mg/day?
1,500 mg/day
Troponin levels rise in how many hours from onset of symptoms?
and usually peak within how many hours?
Remain in circulation for how many days?
3-6 hours
12 hours
10-14 days
Cholesterol accumulates in the arterial lumen and, in time, results in decreased blood flow and occlusion of the vessel? T or F
True
Patients taking vasodilators are more susceptible to what?
Increasing their risk for what?
Orthodontic hypotension
Falls
The use of vasodilators results in increased blood flow by relaxing the vascular smooth muscle and causing:
Reduced resistance in vessels
The diagnostic lab test that relates closely and shows higher results for increased severity in heart failure patients is:
b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Up to how many nitroglycerin tablets can a patient take followed by 911 call if pain is not relieved?
3
Patients taking vasodilators must be monitored for:
Hypotension
What normally initiates the cardiac electrical impulse?
SA node
A heart rate of 60 or less is defined as
Bradycardia
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are:
Arteries
Which structure of the heart receives blood from the inferior and superior vena cava?
Right atrium
Which structure of the heart receives blood saturated with oxygen from the pulmonary vein?
Left atrium
On an ECG, what does the P wave before every QRS complex indicate?
Rhythm that originates from the SA node
The phase in which the ventricles are at rest (relaxation phase(, in which the ventricles are filling with blood from the atria is referred to as what?
Diastole
Which structure of the heart receives blood from the tricuspid valve?
Right ventricle
Which heart chamber has the highest pressure?
Left ventricle
The coronary arteries are embedded in the:
Epicardium
When the left ventricle contracts (systole), blood is ejected through the aortic valve into the aorta and systemic circulation. T or F
True
