Cardiac Pharmacology

Question 1

Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

Answer 1

• Decreases HR and BP

Non-selective: block beta 1 and beta 2 receptors (causes bronchoconstriction)
Cardio-selective: block beta 1 receptors only

Question 2

Alpha Beta Blockers

Answer 2

• Decreases BP and HR due to vasodilation
• Blocks alpha and beta adrenergic receptors

Question 3

Calcium Channel Blockers

Answer 3

• Decreases BP and HR due to arterial dilation
• Decreases amount of calcium reaching cardiac muscle (decreasing contractility)

*Never give if heart failure

Question 4

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors

Answer 4

• Decreases BP due to vasodilation
• Prevents conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II

For: Hypertension, HF

Question 5

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB)

Answer 5

• Decreases BP
• Blocks Angiotensin II receptor

Question 6

Diuretics

Answer 6

Loop diuretics: inhibit NaCl reabsorption (potassium wasting)
Thiazide diuretics: inhibit NaCl reabsorption (potassium wasting)
Potassium-sparing: reduce the exchange of potassium and sodium (potassium sparing)

Question 7

Nitroglycerin

Answer 7

Class: Vasodilator

(Reduces Preload and Afterload)

Question 8

Hydralazine

Answer 8

Class: Vasodilator

(Reduces Preload and Afterload)

Question 9

Furosemide (Lasix)

Answer 9

Class: Loop Diuretics

(Reduces Preload)

Question 10

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 10

Class: Thiazide Diuretics

(Reduces Preload)

Question 11

Spironolactone

Answer 11

Class: Potassium-sparing diuretics

(Reduces Preload)

Question 12

Lisinopril

Answer 12

Class: ACE Inhibitors
SE: renal impairment, hyperkalemia, dry cough
Used for HF, hypertension

(Reduces Preload)

Question 13

Captopril

Answer 13

Class: ACE Inhibitors
SE: renal impairment, hyperkalemia, dry cough
Used for HF, hypertension
(Reduces Preload)

Question 14

Losartan

Answer 14

Class: ARBs
Used for HF, hypertension

(Reduces Preload)

Question 15

Valsartan

Answer 15

Class: ARBs
Used for HF, hypertension

(Reduces Preload)

Question 16

Amlodipine

Answer 16

Class: CCBs
Used for hypertension, CAD (never for HF)

Question 17

Nifedapine

Answer 17

Class: CCBs
Used for hypertension, CAD (never for HF)

Question 18

Carvedilol

Answer 18

Class: Alpha Beta Blockers
Used for HF, hypertension

(Decreases Afterload)

Question 19

Propanolol

Answer 19

Class: Non-selective Beta Blockers
SE: bronchoconstriction

(Decreases Afterload)

Question 20

Metoprolol

Answer 20

Class: Cardio-selective Beta Blockers
Used for hypertension, chronic stable angina, or with other drugs for HF

(Decreases Afterload)

Question 21

Atenolol

Answer 21

Class: Cardio-selective Beta Blockers
Used for hypertension, chronic stable angina, or with other drugs for HF

(Decreases Afterload)