Cardiac Murmurs

Question 1

• grade 1 murmur

- thrill?

Answer 1

• very faint, only heard in ideal circumstances

- NO

Question 2

• grade 2 murmur

- thrill?

Answer 2

loud enough to be generally heard

• NO

Question 3

• grade 3 murmur

- thrill?

Answer 3

• louder then grade 2

- NO

Question 4

• grade 4 murmur

- thrill?

Answer 4

• louder then grade 3

- YES

Question 5

• grade 5 murmur

- thrill?

Answer 5

• heard with stethoscope partially off chest

- YES

Question 6

• grade 6 murmur

- thrill?

Answer 6

• heard with stethoscope entirely off chest

- YES

Question 7

what is the shape of a murmur?

Answer 7

intensity throughout cardiac cycle

Question 8

how do you describe the shape of a murmur?

Answer 8

• crescendo
• crescendo-decrescendo
• decrescendo

Question 9

what does high and low pitch indicate when describing murmurs?

Answer 9

• high = LARGE pressure gradient

- low = LOW pressure gradient

Question 10

murmur location: aortic valve

Answer 10

RUSB

Question 11

murmur location: pulmonic valve

Answer 11

LUSB

Question 12

murmur location: tricuspid valve

Answer 12

LLSB

Question 13

murmur location: mitral valve

Answer 13

apex

Question 14

where is Erb’s point?

Answer 14

LSB, 3rd ICS

Question 15

how are diastolic murmurs graded?

Answer 15

1-4

Question 16

midsystolic murmurs (4)

Answer 16

1. aortic stenosis
2. pulmonic stenosis
3. atrial septal defect
4. HOCM

Question 17

holosystolic murmurs (3)

Answer 17

1. mitral regurgitation
2. tricuspid regurgitation
3. VSD

Question 18

late systolic murmur

Answer 18

mitral valve prolapse

Question 19

early diastolic murmurs (3)

Answer 19

1. aortic regurgitation
2. pulmonic regurgitation
3. Austin-Flint (associated w/ severe aortic regurgitation)

Question 20

mid/late diastolic murmurs (2)

Answer 20

1. mitral stenosis

2. tricuspid stenosis

Question 21

continuous “machine-like” murmur

Answer 21

patent ductus arteriosus