Cardiac Interventions & Hemodynamic Monitoring Flashcards
Assessment of aneurysm includes ______ extending to neck, shoulders, lower back, and abdomen. It also includes syncope, dyspnea, tachycardia, and cyanosis. Most patients are a______. For every cm above ______cm the risk of rupture increases exponentially.
PAIN
ASYMPTOMATIC
5.5CM
Treatment goal is to prevent enlargement or rupture. Need tight ______ control. Surgical resection or excision is done to replace with artificial graft to prevent further bulging/dissection.
BLOOD PRESSURE
Collaborative post-op interventions for AAA include VS, pulses distal to graft. Limit HOB elevation to ______ degrees so it doesn’t kink graft, strict I&O, assess incisional site for bleeding, SS infection, instruct to not ______ objects heavier than 15-20lb for 6-12 weeks. avoid ______ activities.
45
LIFT
STRENUOUS
Post-op interventions for a thoracic aneurysm are similar to abdominal except with the addition of monitoring ______ tube, r______ status, and encouraging to cough and DB while s_____ excision
CHEST
RESPIRATORY
SPLINTING
Post-op complications that can arise from aneurysm resection include leaks, dissection, bleeding, graft dislocation, emboli which creates the nursing Dx of Risk for i______ t______ p______ and Risk for I______.
INEFFECTIVE TISSUE PERFUSION
INFECTION
When noninvasive methods don’t work well to control life threatening arrhythmias other options may be an i______ c______ d______, a ______ or r______ c______ a______.
IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR (ICD)
PACEMAKER
RADIOFREQUENCY CATHETER ABLATION
An ICD senses life threatening ______ arrhythmias. 0.25 seconds after sensing arrhythmia it sends a 25 joule shock to cardiac muscle. It can repeat if needed.
VENTRICULAR
Catheter ablation therapy uses r______ energy to burn or ablate areas of the conduction system. This is performed in cath lab and used for t_______ arrhythmias.
RADIOFREQUENCY
TACHYCARDIC
When pt is treated they are taken off any antiarrhythmic meds thus creating an arrhythmia in order to treat. Pt teaching required (produces anxiety)
_______ describes a group of heart muscle diseases that lead to a functional inability of the cardiac muscle to pump properly. Eventually transplant is an option. Newer treatment is the use of the LVAD (______) as a bridge or destination device.
CARDIOMYOPATHY
LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE
An LVAD can be worn ______ term for those ______ or ______ for transplant. Survival rate is twice as high as those on medication alone.
LONG
WAITING
INELIGIBLE
An Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) is deflated during ______ and inflated during ______. During systole this decreases afterload, decreases cardiac work, decreases myocardial O2 consumption, increases CO. During diastole this augments diastolic pressure which increases coronary perfusion.
SYSTOLE
DIASTOLE
_______ is the amount of energy from pacemaker to cause depolarization.
CAPTURE
_______ is the minimal electrical impulse required to produce consistent cardiac depolarization.
THRESHOLD
______ is the minimum cardiac electricity needed to trigger the pacemaker.
SENSITIVITY
The pacemaker ______ is predetermined and is set on the device.
RATE
