Cardiac dynamics Flashcards
What is the formula to calculate Max Heart Rate?
Max HR = 220 – Your Age
What is the average resting heart rate for adults?
70 bpm
What is Bradycardia?
Less than 60 bpm
What causes the anticipatory rise in heart rate before exercise?
Early release of adrenaline
What happens to heart rate during submaximal intensity exercise?
HR plateaus when O2 demand is met
What is stroke volume?
Volume of blood pumped from the heart/ventricle in a single contraction
What is the average resting stroke volume?
70 ml
What are the two main factors that stroke volume depends on?
- End Diastolic Volume (EDV) * End Systolic Volume (ESV)
What is End Diastolic Volume?
the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of the filling stage (diastole)
What is End Systolic Volume?
the volume of blood left in the ventricle following a contraction (systole)
What is Starling’s Law?
Increased venous return leads to increased stroke volume due to greater stretch of the ventricle wall
How does stroke volume respond to exercise intensity?
Increases in proportion to exercise intensity
What happens to stroke volume at maximal exercise?
Decreases slightly due to decreased filling time
What is the formula for Cardiac Output (Q)?
Q = HR X SV
What is the cardiac output at maximal exercise for a trained performer?
30-40 L/min
What is the relationship between cardiac output and exercise intensity?
Cardiac output increases with exercise intensity
What is the heart rate response during recovery after exercise?
Rapid decrease followed by a slower decrease to resting levels
What is the Average HR, SV and Q at rest, submaximal and maximal intensity exercise for an untrained performer?
Fill in the blank: Stroke Volume is dependent on _______.
[Venous Return and Ventricular elasticity and contractility]
What is the Average HR, SV and Q at rest, submaximal and maximal intensity exercise for an trained performer?
True or False: Stroke volume decreases during submaximal exercise for trained individuals.
False
What happens to heart rate during maximal intensity exercise?
HR continues to rise until max is reached
What is venous return?
the volume of blood returning to the heart
What is Ventricular elasticity and contractility?
the greater the stretch the greater the force of contraction
