cardiac diagnostics Flashcards
CAD
- indirectly measures cardiac electrical events
- can be subjective
- most helpful in acute setting
creatine kinase
- isoenzyme distributed in anumber of tissues
- not cardiac specific
- used to detect
CK-MB
- primary source is myocardium
troponin
differentiate between Troponin T and I
- T: larger
- I: smaller
telemetry
exercise ECG stress test
Nuclear medicine imaging
common radioactive element used in nuclear medicine imaging
what test is commonly preformed for pre-op or with prior non-diagnostic ECG stress test?
stress echocardiogram
stress echocardiogram
US directed at heart to create images of cardiac anatomy
indications for transthoracic echo
small US probe placed on a endoscope device down esophagus behind heart
transesophageal echo can detect what conditions
what is the gold standard for diagnosing CAD
cardiac catheterization/angiogram
holter monitor
event “loop” recorder
list risk factors for CAD
- age
- gender
- HTN
- hyperlipidemia
- DM
- tobacco use
- family history
onset of CK, CK-MB, and troponin?
3-12 hrs
duration of CK, CK-MB
duration of elevated troponin
less than or equal to 10 days
name the three stress tests
- exercise ECG stress test
- Nuclear medicine imaging
- stress echocardiogram
disadvantages of exercise ECG stress test
- required capable patient
- does not localize ischemia
- does not evaluate LV function
indications of cardiac catherization/angiogram
- known, suspected CAD
- unstable angina
- h/o MI with ECG changes
- post resuscitation from cardiac arrest
- atypical chest pain
- when non-invasive stress test reveals high risk of CAD
- before valve surgery in patient with chest pain or ECG changes
percutaneous coronary intervention
balloon angioplasty
implantable loop recorder
- subcutaneous monitoring device
- device automatically activated according to programmed criteria
- useful in patients with infrequent symptoms
major applications of CT use in heart
- detection aortic dissection
- detection of coronary artery calcium deposition as an indicator for atherosclerosis
