Cardiac Clinical Med 5 (Arnce) Flashcards
1
Q
What is the definition of shock?
A
- Inadequate tissue perfusion to meet metabolic demand and tissue oxygenation
2
Q
What are some causes of shock?
A
- Inadequate supply
- Increased demand
- Combination of both
3
Q
How can we categorize shock?
A
- According to stage
- According to physiology
- According to actual cause
4
Q
What is compensated shock?
A
- Reflex compensatory mechanisms are activated and perfusion to vital organs is maintained
- Sympathetic vascular tone is increased and there is a release of catecholamines
5
Q
What is decompensated shock?
A
- Tissue hypoperfusion and onset of worsening circulatory and metabolic derangement including lactic acidosis
6
Q
What is irreversible shock?
A
- Organ and tissue injury is so severe that even if the hemodynamic defects are corrected, survival is not possible
7
Q
What is cardiogenic shock?
A
- Bad pump
- Eg. cardiomyopathy
8
Q
What is hypovolemic shock?
A
- Decreased intravascular volume
- Eg. Hemorrhage or dehydration
9
Q
What is distributive shock?
A
- Dilated peripheral vasculature
- Eg. Drugs, toxins, sepsis
10
Q
What is obstructive shock?
A
- Mechanical obstruction of circulatory system
- Eg. PE, tension pneumothorax
11
Q
What are the physiologic changes in cardiogenic shock?
A
- Decreased CO
- Increased SVR
- Increased CVP
12
Q
What are some subtypes of cardiogenic shock?
A
- Heart muscle problems
- Rhythm problems
- Valvular and congenital problems
13
Q
What are physiologic changes in hypovolemic shock?
A
- Decreased CO
- Increased SVR
- Decreased CVP
14
Q
What are some subtypes of hypovolemic shock?
A
- Hemorrhagic
- Nonhemorrhagic (dehydration, 3rd spacing, through the skin)
15
Q
What are the physiologic changes in distributive shock?
A
- Increased CO
- Decreased SVR
- Decreased CVP
