Cardiac Case 1

Question 1

systolic heart failure description

Answer 1

decreased Ejection fraction

LVEF under 40 percent

Question 2

stage in those with structural heart disease who have current or prior symptoms

Answer 2

stage c

Question 3

unable to engage in any phsysical activity without discomfort. symptoms may be present even at rest

Answer 3

class IV

Question 4

symptoms of pt with left heart fiaolure

Answer 4

low cardiac output
elevated pulmonary venous pressure
congetsion = dyspnea

Question 5

stage in those with structural heart disease associated with heart failure nad no syjmpsomts

Answer 5

stage b

Question 6

actue settin heart failure

Answer 6

use diuresis like loops, oxygen, bipap, nitroglycerin

Question 7

stage of those at gigh risk for heart failure but no structural heart disase and no symptoms

Answer 7

stage A

Question 8

marked limitation of physical actiity. comfortable at rest, but less than ordinary activity causes symptoms

Answer 8

class III

Question 9

cause of diastolic heart failure

Answer 9

aging and mycoardial stiffening

lvh, comonly resulting from htn

Question 10

what causes black colored stool

Answer 10

pepto-bismol, beets, upper GI bleed from esophageal varisces, gastri cCA and PUD

Question 11

what is delirium tremens (DT)

Answer 11

sever alcohol withdraw
-can have hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis
hallucinations, tremors, even dysrhythmias and seizures

Question 12

stage in those with refractory heart failure requiring some device or special intervention

Answer 12

stage D

Question 13

what electroyte abnormalities can HCTZ lead to

Answer 13

hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypomagnesiemia, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia

Question 14

Group a strep rash called

Answer 14

erythema marginalization

Question 15

most comon cause of systolic heart failure

Answer 15

CAD/MI
HTN
persistent tachy or atrial arrhythmias

Question 16

used by some experts to describe symptoms that are atypical and can occur either at rest or with exertion

Answer 16

class V

Question 17

what is a banana bag

Answer 17

in treatment of DTs it is the intravenous infusion of a combo of thiaine, folate, and multivitamins in isotonic saline with 5 % dextrose

Question 18

what is a likely reason why the pedal pulses are absent

Answer 18

peripheral vascular disease

Question 19

no limiation of physical activity. ordinary physical activity does not cause undue fatigue, dyspnea, or anginal pain

Answer 19

class I

Question 20

slight limitation of of phsycial acitivty. ordinary phcysical activity results in symptoms

Answer 20

class II

Question 21

treating delirium tremens

Answer 21

benzos, ivf, nutritional supplemntation, thiamine and multivitains with folate

Question 22

managment chronic heart failure

Answer 22

ACEI, aldosterone antagonist, beta blockers

Question 23

right heart failure symptoms

Answer 23

fluid overload: edema, JVD

Question 24

treatment for sinus tachycardia

Answer 24

treat the underlying cause

Question 25

diastolic heart failure and ejection fraction

Answer 25

preserved, over 40%, but decreased abilityu of ventrilces to fill with blood

Question 26

why are thiamine and glucose administered in treatment of DTs

Answer 26

prevent or treat wernicke’s encephalopathy