Cardiac Case 1 Flashcards
systolic heart failure description
decreased Ejection fraction
LVEF under 40 percent
stage in those with structural heart disease who have current or prior symptoms
stage c
unable to engage in any phsysical activity without discomfort. symptoms may be present even at rest
class IV
symptoms of pt with left heart fiaolure
low cardiac output
elevated pulmonary venous pressure
congetsion = dyspnea
stage in those with structural heart disease associated with heart failure nad no syjmpsomts
stage b
actue settin heart failure
use diuresis like loops, oxygen, bipap, nitroglycerin
stage of those at gigh risk for heart failure but no structural heart disase and no symptoms
stage A
marked limitation of physical actiity. comfortable at rest, but less than ordinary activity causes symptoms
class III
cause of diastolic heart failure
aging and mycoardial stiffening
lvh, comonly resulting from htn
what causes black colored stool
pepto-bismol, beets, upper GI bleed from esophageal varisces, gastri cCA and PUD
what is delirium tremens (DT)
sever alcohol withdraw
-can have hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis
hallucinations, tremors, even dysrhythmias and seizures
stage in those with refractory heart failure requiring some device or special intervention
stage D
what electroyte abnormalities can HCTZ lead to
hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypomagnesiemia, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia
Group a strep rash called
erythema marginalization
most comon cause of systolic heart failure
CAD/MI
HTN
persistent tachy or atrial arrhythmias
used by some experts to describe symptoms that are atypical and can occur either at rest or with exertion
class V
what is a banana bag
in treatment of DTs it is the intravenous infusion of a combo of thiaine, folate, and multivitamins in isotonic saline with 5 % dextrose
what is a likely reason why the pedal pulses are absent
peripheral vascular disease
no limiation of physical activity. ordinary physical activity does not cause undue fatigue, dyspnea, or anginal pain
class I
slight limitation of of phsycial acitivty. ordinary phcysical activity results in symptoms
class II
treating delirium tremens
benzos, ivf, nutritional supplemntation, thiamine and multivitains with folate
managment chronic heart failure
ACEI, aldosterone antagonist, beta blockers
right heart failure symptoms
fluid overload: edema, JVD
treatment for sinus tachycardia
treat the underlying cause
diastolic heart failure and ejection fraction
preserved, over 40%, but decreased abilityu of ventrilces to fill with blood
why are thiamine and glucose administered in treatment of DTs
prevent or treat wernicke’s encephalopathy
