Cardiac and resuscitation

Question 1

If a patient has suffered a myocardial infarction to the right ventricle, blood flow to what structure may become impaired initially?

A. Aorta
B. Lungs
C. Brain
D. Pulmonary veins

Answer 1

B. Lungs

Question 2

The best-known and most common finding associated with a patient suffering an acute coronary syndrome is what?

A. Nausea
B. Dyspnea
C. Sweating
D. Chest pain

Answer 2

D. Chest pain

Question 3

A patient experiencing bradycardia would have what finding?

A. A heart rate of 48/min
B. A pulse rhythm that is irregular
C. A respiratory rate that is 6/min
D. A pulse pressure less than 20 mm Hg

Answer 3

A. A heart rate of 48/min

Question 4

Of the following segments of the population, which is most likely to experience atypical presentations of a myocardial infarction?

A. Asian males
B. Elderly females
C. Younger African Americans
D. American Indian descendants

Answer 4

B. Elderly females

Question 5

EMT’s are treating a patient suspected of experiencing a myocardial infarction. her initial vital signs are pulse 124, BP 158/100, respirations 22 and shallow, skin pale and sweaty, oxygen saturation 92%. Of the following options, which one should the EMT perform first (assuming all could be done immediately)?

A. Apply oxygen
B. Administer nitro
C. Administer baby aspirin
D. Attach the AED and press “analyze”

Answer 5

A. Apply oxygen

Question 6

The patient’s use of which drug class of medications can be problematic if the EMT wishes to help an MI patient administer a sublingual nitro?

A. Antianginals
B. Erectile dysfunction
C. Metered dose inhaler
D. Cholesterol-lowering drugs

Answer 6

B. Erectile dysfunction

Question 7

Which of the following conditions is LEAST likely to be present in a patient suffering a myocardial infarction?

A. Headache
B. Diaphoresis
C. Tachycardia
D. Respiratory distress

Answer 7

A. Headache

Question 8

An elderly male patient is experiencing typical signs and symptoms of a myocardial infarction. Which one of the following interventions would be the LEAST appropriate for the EMT to perform?

A. Request an ALS intercept
B. Have the patient chew baby aspirin
C. Allow the patient to take his wife’s nitro
D. Place the patient in a semi-Fowlers position

Answer 8

C. Allow the patient to take his wife’s nitro

Question 9

Assuming all of the following patients were experiencing an MRI, which patient’s medical history would preclude her from receiving aspirin administration?

A. Stroke
B. Aspirin allergy
C. Diabetic
D. Hypertension

Answer 9

B. Aspirin allergy

Question 10

A patient with coronary artery disease is predisposed to what coronary event?

A. CVA
B. Seizures
C. Tachycardia
D. Myocardial infarction

Answer 10

D. Myocardial infarction

Question 11

Expedient transport of a patient experiencing an MI to the hospital is recommended so the hospital can administer what kind of medication in the hopes of stopping the MI progression?

A. Fibrinolytic?
B. Beta2 specific
C. Antidysrhythmic
D. Antihypertensive

Answer 11

A. Antihypertensive

Question 12

A patient with an apparent cardiac complaint asks the EMT’s why they are administering nitro to him. What would be an appropriate response?

A. “Nitro makes it easier to breathe.”
B. “Nitro makes the blood pressure drop.”
C. “Nitro increases blood flow to your heart muscle.”
D. “Nitro causes the heart to beat harder and raise blood pressure.”

Answer 12

C. “Nitro increases blood flow to your heart muscle.”

Question 13

A patient with a history of congestive heart failure is likely to have what other emergency when she deteriorates?

A. Pulmonary edema
B. Hypertensive crisis
C. Cerebral vascular accident
D. Severe headache with visual disturbances

Answer 13

A. Pulmonary edema

Question 14

You are caring for a 59 year old male thought to be experiencing a heart attack. The patient initially described the pain as substernal and dull in character. The patient now, however, is becoming more and more lethargic and difficult to wake up. You also note the patient’s heart rate is becoming irregular. Vitals and blood pressure 82/62, heart rate 82 and irregular, and respirations 20. During the ongoing management of this MI, what part of normal MI management should you elect NOT to perform?

A. Administer oxygen
B. Ready the AED for application
C. Provide four 81 mg baby aspirin
D. Contact ALS for intercept en route to the hospital

Answer 14

C. Provide four 81 mg baby aspirin

Question 15

What is the most common reason an AED may shock a patient inappropriately?

A. Human failure in proper use
B. Inappropriate sensing of electrodes on the chest
C. Inability of the machine to charge quick enough to defibrillate a shockable rhythm
D. Failure of the AED processor to determine a shockable rhythm is either present or absent

Answer 15

A. Human failure in proper use

Question 16

The most common lethal cardiac rhythm a patient experiencing sudden cardiac arrest displays is what?

A. Asystole
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Ventricular fibrillation
D. Sinus tach with ventricular ectopy

Answer 16

C. Ventricular fibrillation

Question 17

You arrive on scene and find a patient who is unresponsive with no palpable pulse and no breathing. bystanders state the patient has been in this condition for about 7 or 8 minutes. Assuming you and your partner have resuscitation equipment immediately available, what should you do first?

A. Administer oxygen
B. Initiate compressions
C. Provide two positive pressure ventilations
D. Call medical direction to pronounce the patient

Answer 17

B. Initiate compressions

Question 18

You are using an AED on an adult patient in cardiac arrest. After one particular analysis, the AED indicates “no shock advised”. What is your next immediate action?

A. Remove the AED pads
B. Assess for a carotid pulse
C. Charge the AED capacitors
D. Start compressions immediately

Answer 18

D. Start compressions immediately