Cardiac

Question 1

Criteria for LA dilatation on CT?

Answer 1

Measure AP diameter in 3 chamber view on gated CT:

4cm or more in women
4.1cm or more in men

Question 2

What is the normal LV wall thickness for men and women? Where should you measure it and on which view?

Answer 2

<12mm for men
<11mm for women

It should be measured on short axis images at the inferior portion of the septum, 7 o clock

Question 3

What types of pathologies have delayed washout of gadolinium on cardiac MRI?

Answer 3

Infarction, inflammation or infiltrative disease. There will be delayed enhancement in these pathologies.

Question 4

What are the ischemic patterns of enhancement on cardiac MRI?

Answer 4

Inner wall

Transmural

Question 5

What are the non-ischemic patterns of enhancement on cardiac MRI?

Answer 5

midwall

outer wall

Question 6

What are the two most common primary benign cardiac tumors?

Answer 6

Myxoma

Lipoma

Question 7

What percentage of myxomas are located in the left atrium?

Answer 7

86%

Question 8

What is Dressler syndrome?

Answer 8

Post-MI pericarditis
Thought to be from leakage of myocardial enzymes through the pericardial fat, causing sterile pericarditis.

Happens days/weeks after transmural infarct. Presents with pleuritic chest pain, pericardial rub and fever.
Pericardial effusion with pericardial enhancement.

Question 9

most common location of cardiac myxoma?

Answer 9

Left atrium

Question 10

Most common causes of intracardiac metastases?

Answer 10

melanoma
hcc
rcc

Question 11

What is the most common cardiac manifestation of tuberous sclerosis?

Answer 11

Cardiac rhabdomyoma

75% occur before 1 year of age.

Question 12

What percentage of patients with tuberous sclerosis develop a cardiac rhabdomyoma?

Answer 12

50-65%

Question 13

What percentage of patients with a cardiac rhabdomyoma have tuberous sclerosis?

Answer 13

40-80%

Question 14

What is the most common location of a cardiac rhabdomyoma?

Answer 14

Ventricular septum